[ABSTRAK
Badan Pelayanan Kesehatan Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Zainoel Abidin (BPKRSUZA)adalah rumah sakit milik Pemerintah Provinsi Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam,sebagai intitusi pemberi pelayanan kesehatan pada masyarakat diharuskanmeningkatkan pelayanan yang berkualitas dan professional. Instalasi Gawat Daruratsebagai pintu masuk pasien yang paling besar di rumah sakit harus memberikanpelayanan yang prima dan cepat kepada masyarakat, karena Instalasi Gawat Daruratmerupakan suatu tempat/unit di rumah sakit yang memiliki tim kerja dengankemampuan khusus dan peralatan yang memberikan pelayanan pasien gawat daruratdan merupakan bagian dari rangkaian upaya penanggulangan pasien gawat daruratyang terorganisir. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan analisis kebutuhan tenaga perawatpada Instalasi Gawat Darurat untuk perencanaan sumber daya manusia yangberkaitan dengan penentuan kebutuhan akan tenaga perawat dimasa yang akandatang, baik dalam arti jumlah dan kualifikasinya berdasarkan beban kerjanya.Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Badan Pelayanan Kesehatan - Rumah SakitUmum Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan pada InstalasiGawat Darurat Badan Pelayanan Kesehatan ? Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. ZainoelAbidin Banda Aceh selama tujuh hari mulai tanggal 15 Oktober - 21 Oktober 2008.Penelitian yang dilakukan merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan analisa datakuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode work sampling, dimana segala aktivitasperawat pada Instalasi Gawat Darurat BPK-RSUZA sebagai responden yang diamatiakan diteliti setiap waktu 10 menit selama tujuh hari. Hasil pengamatandikelompokkan menjadi aktifitas produktif (terdiri dari aktifitas langsung danAnalisis kebutuhan..., Irnalita, FKM UI, 2008aktifitas tidak langsung) dan aktifitas tidak produktif (aktifitas pribadi dan aktifitashubungan dengan orang lain). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlahoptimal kebutuhan tenaga perawat pada Instalasi Gawat Darurat yang sesuai dengankegiatan sesungguhnya berdasarkan beban kerjanya masing-masing.Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh gambaran bahwa kegiatan produktif perawatIGD BPK-RSUZA sebesar 71,43% belum mencapai standar waktu kerja dan bebankerjanya masih rendah sehingga dinilai belum optimal kegiatan produktifnya. yangmenurut Ilyas, Heizer dan Render sebesar 80%. Sedangkan kegiatan non produktifyang mencapai 28,58% dinilai sangat tinggi bila dibandingkan dengan waktu standarnon produktif menurut Wolper, L.F 15% dan ILO 11%. Untuk menghitung jumlahkebutuhan tenaga perawat di Instalasi Gawat Darurat, dilakukan perhitungan denganmenggunakan formula Instalasi Gawat Darurat menurut Ilyas, maka didapatkan hasilkebutuhan tenaga perawat di IGD BPK-RSU Dr. Zainoel Abidin adalah sebanyak 22orang perawat. Menurut data IGD BPK-RSUZA Oktober 2008 jumlah tenagaperawat IGD saat ini adalah sebanyak 40 orang. Ini menunjukkan adanya kelebihantenaga perawat pada IGD BPK-RSUZA. Kemudian dilakukan analisis jumlah tenagaperawat berdasarkan pada rasio antara jumlah kunjungan perhari dan jumlah perawatIGD dan didapatkan hasil bahwa rata-rata 1 orang perawat IGD dapat melayani 3-4orang pasien/hari, dan hasil ini mendekati dengan hasil formula Instalasi GawatDarurat menurut Ilyas.Untuk itu diharapkan kepada pihak manajerial SDM RSUZA dapatmerencanakan kebutuhan jumlah tenaga perawat yang dibutuhkan di ruang IGDsesuai dengan beban kerja sehingga produktivitas perawat akan tinggi, begitu puladengan masalah pembayaran insentif pegawai menjadi lebih efektif (cost effectif),serta perawat yang berlebih di ruang IGD sebaiknya dipindahkan ke ruangan lainyang memiliki beban kerja yang lebih tinggi.
ABSTRACT
Zainoel Abidin Hospital is a state hospital owned by the local government ofNanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province. As institution that provides health services forthe community, this hospital needs to constantly improve its professional and qualityservices. The emergency room is the main gate through which patients enter thehospital, and ideally this unit should be capable in giving an efficient and promptservice as it is a special unit equipped with special staff and tools for a specificpurpose of exercising an organised handling of acute and emergency conditions.Therefore, an analysis on staffing need of nurse is crucial as to develop a good planfor future manpower recruitment both in terms of quantity and qualification.This study was conducted at Zainoel Abidin Hospital ? Banda Aceh. Thelocation for the study was at the emergency room for 7 days starting from 15 to 21October 2008. The study is a descriptive one and data was quantitatively analysedusing work sampling method by which all activities of the nurses at the emergencyroom were observed and recorded in a time interval of ten minutes for sevenconsecutive days. The result of the observation is grouped into productive activities(direct and indirect) and non-productive activities (personal and interpersonal). Thestudy objective is to determine the optimum number of nurse for the emergencyroom relevant to the actual activities and workload.The study showed that the percentage of productive activities of theemergency room nurses is 71. 43%, a value that has not met the standard set by Ilyas,Heizer and Render, which is 80%. The percentage of non-productive activities is25.58%, and this is considerably high as standard values set by Wolper, L.F and ILOAnalisis kebutuhan..., Irnalita, FKM UI, 2008are 15% and 11% consecutively. To calculate the actual number of nurse needed inthe emergency room, a formula developed by Ilyas was used. This calculation yieldsthat the number of nurse needed in the emergency room is 22 nurses. According to arecord from the emergency room, until October 2008 there are 40 nurses stationedthere. It shows that there is an excess of nurses in the emergency room. Analysis onthe ratio of number of daily patient visit to number of nurse reveals that each nurseserves at average 3 ? 4 patients daily. This value is close to the standard set by Ilyas.As a recommendation, the management of Zainoel Abidin Hospital shouldrecalculate the need of nurse for the emergency room as to adjust it with the actualworkload and improve nurse productivity. This adjustment will involve relocation ofnurses to units with higher workload and will eventually improve the costeffectiveness.;Zainoel Abidin Hospital is a state hospital owned by the local government ofNanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province. As institution that provides health services forthe community, this hospital needs to constantly improve its professional and qualityservices. The emergency room is the main gate through which patients enter thehospital, and ideally this unit should be capable in giving an efficient and promptservice as it is a special unit equipped with special staff and tools for a specificpurpose of exercising an organised handling of acute and emergency conditions.Therefore, an analysis on staffing need of nurse is crucial as to develop a good planfor future manpower recruitment both in terms of quantity and qualification.This study was conducted at Zainoel Abidin Hospital ? Banda Aceh. Thelocation for the study was at the emergency room for 7 days starting from 15 to 21October 2008. The study is a descriptive one and data was quantitatively analysedusing work sampling method by which all activities of the nurses at the emergencyroom were observed and recorded in a time interval of ten minutes for sevenconsecutive days. The result of the observation is grouped into productive activities(direct and indirect) and non-productive activities (personal and interpersonal). Thestudy objective is to determine the optimum number of nurse for the emergencyroom relevant to the actual activities and workload.The study showed that the percentage of productive activities of theemergency room nurses is 71. 43%, a value that has not met the standard set by Ilyas,Heizer and Render, which is 80%. The percentage of non-productive activities is25.58%, and this is considerably high as standard values set by Wolper, L.F and ILOAnalisis kebutuhan..., Irnalita, FKM UI, 2008are 15% and 11% consecutively. To calculate the actual number of nurse needed inthe emergency room, a formula developed by Ilyas was used. This calculation yieldsthat the number of nurse needed in the emergency room is 22 nurses. According to arecord from the emergency room, until October 2008 there are 40 nurses stationedthere. It shows that there is an excess of nurses in the emergency room. Analysis onthe ratio of number of daily patient visit to number of nurse reveals that each nurseserves at average 3 ? 4 patients daily. This value is close to the standard set by Ilyas.As a recommendation, the management of Zainoel Abidin Hospital shouldrecalculate the need of nurse for the emergency room as to adjust it with the actualworkload and improve nurse productivity. This adjustment will involve relocation ofnurses to units with higher workload and will eventually improve the costeffectiveness., Zainoel Abidin Hospital is a state hospital owned by the local government ofNanggroe Aceh Darussalam Province. As institution that provides health services forthe community, this hospital needs to constantly improve its professional and qualityservices. The emergency room is the main gate through which patients enter thehospital, and ideally this unit should be capable in giving an efficient and promptservice as it is a special unit equipped with special staff and tools for a specificpurpose of exercising an organised handling of acute and emergency conditions.Therefore, an analysis on staffing need of nurse is crucial as to develop a good planfor future manpower recruitment both in terms of quantity and qualification.This study was conducted at Zainoel Abidin Hospital – Banda Aceh. Thelocation for the study was at the emergency room for 7 days starting from 15 to 21October 2008. The study is a descriptive one and data was quantitatively analysedusing work sampling method by which all activities of the nurses at the emergencyroom were observed and recorded in a time interval of ten minutes for sevenconsecutive days. The result of the observation is grouped into productive activities(direct and indirect) and non-productive activities (personal and interpersonal). Thestudy objective is to determine the optimum number of nurse for the emergencyroom relevant to the actual activities and workload.The study showed that the percentage of productive activities of theemergency room nurses is 71. 43%, a value that has not met the standard set by Ilyas,Heizer and Render, which is 80%. The percentage of non-productive activities is25.58%, and this is considerably high as standard values set by Wolper, L.F and ILOAnalisis kebutuhan..., Irnalita, FKM UI, 2008are 15% and 11% consecutively. To calculate the actual number of nurse needed inthe emergency room, a formula developed by Ilyas was used. This calculation yieldsthat the number of nurse needed in the emergency room is 22 nurses. According to arecord from the emergency room, until October 2008 there are 40 nurses stationedthere. It shows that there is an excess of nurses in the emergency room. Analysis onthe ratio of number of daily patient visit to number of nurse reveals that each nurseserves at average 3 – 4 patients daily. This value is close to the standard set by Ilyas.As a recommendation, the management of Zainoel Abidin Hospital shouldrecalculate the need of nurse for the emergency room as to adjust it with the actualworkload and improve nurse productivity. This adjustment will involve relocation ofnurses to units with higher workload and will eventually improve the costeffectiveness.] |
