[ABSTRAK
“Dunia Baru” mendekonststruksi paradigma dari para penjelajah Eropayang datang ke Karibia, dan ini merupakan ideologi dari para poskolonialisKaribia. Omeros, sebuah epik karya Derek Walcott, dan The Enigma of Arrival,sebuah novel otobiografi karya VS Naipaul, mengangkatnya sebagai upayamembangun identitas dan kontestasi melawan hegemoni kolonial. Masing-masingmenerapkan strategi dalam mengadaptasi pandangan-pandangan Eropa sebagaisalah satu elemen fiksinya. Namun demikian, keduanya ternyata mengusungberbagai makna ambivalen demi makna-makna yang hendak dikemukakan dalamkaitannya dengan poskolonialitas Karibia. Bagaimana masing-masingmengetengahkan makna-makna dekonstruktif tersebut merupakan fokus daridisertasi ini. Juga, dipaparkan di sini analisis terhadap masing-masing perspektifdalam mengangkat ideologi tersebut.Pendekatan yang digunakan ialah poskolonial, dan sebagai kajian sastrametodologi yang diterapkan ialah analisis tekstual. Pemahaman dan interpretasisecara kualitatif terhadap teks-teks merupakan hal yang utama dalammengerjakan kajian di sini. Karena pada dasarnya sastra Karibia ada dalam ranahatau konteks poskolonial, beberapa teks penting lainnya dibahas demi keperluanpembahasan permasalahan-permasalahan yang ditemukan dalam korpuspenelitian, Omeros dan The Enigma of Arrival. Dalam hal ini sumbangan pikirandari Stuart Hall tentang identitas kultural menjadi landasan penting bagipembahasan berbagai fenomena yang terjadi di Karibia, di samping juga teoriteorimendasar mengenai poskolonialisme itu sendiri.Akhirnya, beberapa temuan sebagai hasil kajian penelitian disertasi ini.Pertama, strategi adaptasi terhadap pandangan Eropa oleh Omeros diterjemahkanke dalam ide tentang Eden Baru, dan The Enigma of Arrival mengungkapkannyadalam Kebun Jack. Keduanya menjadi representasi cara baru dalam membangunidentitas, yang menekankan masa depan karena masa lalu hanya menjadi mitosyang mengganggu dan sekadar memenuhi memori. Kedua, ada beberapa aspekyang dimiliki Eden Baru dan Kebun Jack, yakni perubahan, perbedaan, dan masadepan. Ketiga, bagi Omeros cara menghadapi masa depan ialah berani dan bijakmengadaptasi pandangan Eropa untuk disesuaikan dengan kondisi lokal. Bagi TheEnigma of Arrival cara menghadapi masa depan ialah berdiri sejajar dengan duniaEropa sehingga inferioritas warisan masa lalu tidak menghambat kemajuan.;
ABSTRACT
“New World” is to deconstruct the paradigm owned by the Europeanexplorers of Caribbean. It is the ideology of Caribbean postcolonialists. Omeros,by Derek Walcott, and The Enigma of Arrival, by VS Naipaul, mounted it as anestablishment of identity and contestation against the colonial hegemony. Eachunderwent a strategy, especially in adapting European views as one of its fictiouselements. However, they provided ambivalent meanings in order to bring theirown messages due to Caribbean post coloniality. How each of them deconstructedthose views is the focus of this dissertation. It also analysed the perspective ofeach in uplifting the ideology.The approach applied was postcolonial and as a literary study themethodology of this dissertation was textual analysis. Qualitativelyunderstanding and interpreting the texts were the main conduct to undergo thestudy. Since the Caribbean literature belongs to the realm of postcolonial context,several important texts were worth discussing in order to analyze the problemsfound in the main corpus of study, Omeros and The Enigma of Arrival. StuartHall’s notions on cultural identity was an important basis in providing anyconcepts dealing the Caribbean phenomena, besides also several significanttheories about postcolonialism.Finally, there are some findings in the dissertation. First, the strategy ofadapting European views in Omeros provided a notion of New Eden and in TheEnigma of Arrival a notion of “Jack’s Garden.” Both represented a new way ofestablishing identity, in which the emphasis was mainly on the future life becausethe past stood as the myth which burdened with only memories. Secondly, someaspects of both New Eden and Jack’s Garden were change, difference, and future.Thirdly, for Omeros the way of facing the future was by adapting it into the localconducts, and not by imitating European views. Meanwhile, for The Enigma ofArrival the way of facing the future was to stand as high as Europe in order toabolish inferiority given by the past., “New World” is to deconstruct the paradigm owned by the Europeanexplorers of Caribbean. It is the ideology of Caribbean postcolonialists. Omeros,by Derek Walcott, and The Enigma of Arrival, by VS Naipaul, mounted it as anestablishment of identity and contestation against the colonial hegemony. Eachunderwent a strategy, especially in adapting European views as one of its fictiouselements. However, they provided ambivalent meanings in order to bring theirown messages due to Caribbean post coloniality. How each of them deconstructedthose views is the focus of this dissertation. It also analysed the perspective ofeach in uplifting the ideology.The approach applied was postcolonial and as a literary study themethodology of this dissertation was textual analysis. Qualitativelyunderstanding and interpreting the texts were the main conduct to undergo thestudy. Since the Caribbean literature belongs to the realm of postcolonial context,several important texts were worth discussing in order to analyze the problemsfound in the main corpus of study, Omeros and The Enigma of Arrival. StuartHall’s notions on cultural identity was an important basis in providing anyconcepts dealing the Caribbean phenomena, besides also several significanttheories about postcolonialism.Finally, there are some findings in the dissertation. First, the strategy ofadapting European views in Omeros provided a notion of New Eden and in TheEnigma of Arrival a notion of “Jack’s Garden.” Both represented a new way ofestablishing identity, in which the emphasis was mainly on the future life becausethe past stood as the myth which burdened with only memories. Secondly, someaspects of both New Eden and Jack’s Garden were change, difference, and future.Thirdly, for Omeros the way of facing the future was by adapting it into the localconducts, and not by imitating European views. Meanwhile, for The Enigma ofArrival the way of facing the future was to stand as high as Europe in order toabolish inferiority given by the past.] |
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