[ABSTRAK Ikan Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) adalah jenis ikan endemik yanghidup dominan di Danau Singkarak, Sumatera Barat. Kegiatan penangkapan yangintensif dan tidak ramah lingkungan serta perubahan kualitas perairan danaumenyebabkan terjadinya penurunan produsi dan ukuran ikan Bilih setiaptahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis mutu perairan danauSingkarak, alat tangkap yang ramah lingkungan sesuai dengan ketentuan Code ofConduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) serta pemahaman stakeholders yangterdiri dari nelayan, konsumen, pedagang, dan pengambil kebijakan terhadapsumber daya ikan Bilih. Analisis ini dilakukan secara holistik dalam kerangkakonsep Social-Ecological System. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilaiBOD, COD, total fosfat, dan TSS di perairan danau berada di atas baku mutuperairan Kelas II yang disyaratkan oleh Peraturan Pemerintah No. 82 Tahun 2001.Selain itu penggunaan alat tangkap yang tidak selektif menyebabkan 57,83% ikanBilih yang tertangkap berada dalam kondisi belum matang gonad dan 42,19%berada pada kondisi sedang matang gonad. Sesuai dengan sembilan kriteria yangditetapkan FAO melalui CCRF diketahui bahwa jaring langli dengan mata jaringbesar dari ¾ inci sebagai alat tangkap ramah lingkungan. Hasil penelitian jugamenunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar stakeholders tidak memahami kondisi ikanBilih dan sistem pemijahannya. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengelolaan ikanBilih secara holistik melalui pengaturan mata jaring yang digunakan nelayan yaitubesar dari ¾ inci dan pembatasan jumlah alat tangkap sesuai dengan kondisilestari (MSY) serta koordinasi lintas sektor pemerintahan untuk meningkatkanmutu perairan Danau Singkarak. Pengaturan ini akan meningkatkan penerimaannelayan optimal mencapai Rp 1.375.637.000 dalam jangka panjang. ABSTRACT Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) is endemic fish species that livedominantly in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra. The intensive activities andenvironmentally unfriendly fishing gear and changes in the water quality of thelake cause the declining Bilih fish production and decreased size of Bilih fish peryear. This study is aimed at analyzing the quality of Lake Singkarak waters,environmentally friendly fishing gear in accordance with the provisions of theCode of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and the understanding ofstakeholders that consists of fishermen, consumers, merchants, and policy makerson Bilih fish resource. This analysis is conducted holistically within theframework of the concept of Social-Ecological Systems. The results of researchshows that the value of BOD, COD, total phosphate, and TSS in the lake waters isabove the water quality standard Class II required by the Government RegulationNumber 82 of 2001. In addition, the unselective use of fishing gear causes 57.83%of Bilih fish caught in immature gonads conditions and 42.19% at moderatemature gonad conditions. As per the criteria established by the FAO CCRF, it isknown that langli net with size larger than ¾ inch is environmentally friendlyfishing gear. The results of the study also indicate that the majorityof stakeholders do not understand the conditions and spawning system of Bilihfish. Therefore, it is necessary to manage Bilih fish in a holistic manner by settingthe mesh used by the fishermen namely greater than ¾ inch and limiting thenumber of fishing gear in accordance with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY)and cross-sector coordination of government to increase the quality of the watersof Lake Singkarak. This setting will increase the optimal fishermen revenues up toIDR 1 .375.637.000 in the long term.;Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) is endemic fish species that livedominantly in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra. The intensive activities andenvironmentally unfriendly fishing gear and changes in the water quality of thelake cause the declining Bilih fish production and decreased size of Bilih fish peryear. This study is aimed at analyzing the quality of Lake Singkarak waters,environmentally friendly fishing gear in accordance with the provisions of theCode of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and the understanding ofstakeholders that consists of fishermen, consumers, merchants, and policy makerson Bilih fish resource. This analysis is conducted holistically within theframework of the concept of Social-Ecological Systems. The results of researchshows that the value of BOD, COD, total phosphate, and TSS in the lake waters isabove the water quality standard Class II required by the Government RegulationNumber 82 of 2001. In addition, the unselective use of fishing gear causes 57.83%of Bilih fish caught in immature gonads conditions and 42.19% at moderatemature gonad conditions. As per the criteria established by the FAO CCRF, it isknown that langli net with size larger than ¾ inch is environmentally friendlyfishing gear. The results of the study also indicate that the majorityof stakeholders do not understand the conditions and spawning system of Bilihfish. Therefore, it is necessary to manage Bilih fish in a holistic manner by settingthe mesh used by the fishermen namely greater than ¾ inch and limiting thenumber of fishing gear in accordance with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY)and cross-sector coordination of government to increase the quality of the watersof Lake Singkarak. This setting will increase the optimal fishermen revenues up toIDR 1 .375.637.000 in the long term., Bilih fish (Mystacoleucus padangensis Blkr) is endemic fish species that livedominantly in Lake Singkarak, West Sumatra. The intensive activities andenvironmentally unfriendly fishing gear and changes in the water quality of thelake cause the declining Bilih fish production and decreased size of Bilih fish peryear. This study is aimed at analyzing the quality of Lake Singkarak waters,environmentally friendly fishing gear in accordance with the provisions of theCode of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries (CCRF) and the understanding ofstakeholders that consists of fishermen, consumers, merchants, and policy makerson Bilih fish resource. This analysis is conducted holistically within theframework of the concept of Social-Ecological Systems. The results of researchshows that the value of BOD, COD, total phosphate, and TSS in the lake waters isabove the water quality standard Class II required by the Government RegulationNumber 82 of 2001. In addition, the unselective use of fishing gear causes 57.83%of Bilih fish caught in immature gonads conditions and 42.19% at moderatemature gonad conditions. As per the criteria established by the FAO CCRF, it isknown that langli net with size larger than ¾ inch is environmentally friendlyfishing gear. The results of the study also indicate that the majorityof stakeholders do not understand the conditions and spawning system of Bilihfish. Therefore, it is necessary to manage Bilih fish in a holistic manner by settingthe mesh used by the fishermen namely greater than ¾ inch and limiting thenumber of fishing gear in accordance with the maximum sustainable yield (MSY)and cross-sector coordination of government to increase the quality of the watersof Lake Singkarak. This setting will increase the optimal fishermen revenues up toIDR 1 .375.637.000 in the long term.] |