[ABSTRAK
Desentralisasi fiskal di Indonesia dewasa ini diharapkan dapat menjadi jawaban untuk meningkatkan kapasitas dan kinerja perekonomian wilayah dalam mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi dan memberikan pelayanan publik yang lebih baik bagi masyarakat. Namun, hal ini menjadi perdebatan seiring hasil penelitian- penelitian yang beberapa diantaranya menunjukkan hasil yang bertentangan di beberapa negara atau wilayah. Untuk menjawab pola pengaruh penerapan desentralisasi fiskal di Indonesia, thesis ini melakukan analisis empiris pengaruh pelaksanaan desentralisasi fiskal terhadap pembangunan ekonomi wilayah dan untuk mengidentifikasi dampaknya merujuk pada efisiensi ekonomi, keadilan fiskal horisontal, dan efek spillover pertumbuhan ekonomi regional.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan data panel 33 provinsi di Indonesia rentang periode 2005-2012 yang didasarkan pada model Solow-Swan, yang mengasumsikan bahwa hubungan antara output ekonomi, tenaga kerja dan modal dengan skala hasil konstan dan mengurangi kembali ke setiap masukan dan adanya peningkatan teknologi. Dalam hal ini teknologi kembali diasumsikan sebagai fungsi yang dipengaruhi oleh variabel eksogen terkait dan desentralisasi fiskal. Pembangunan ekonomi dalam thesis ini diungkapkan dengan Growth Model dan Level Model. Growth model menjelaskan pertumbuhan ekonomi daerah menggunakan derajat desentralisasi fiskal dan pertumbuhan / proxy variabel penjelas lainnya secara normatif.Sedangkan Level Model mengidentifikasi model yang didasarkan dari Growth Model dengan perubahan variabel yang tidak dibentuk dalam kerangka pertumbuhan variabel-variabelnya tetapi pada tingkat nilai variabel tersebut yang dinormalisasikan menggunakan logaritma. Terkait desentralisasi fiscal, tingkat desentralisasi fiskal diwakili oleh rasio total belanja pemerintah daerah dan pendapatan terhadap total belanja dan pendapatan pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah. Dan terkait efek spillover pertumbuhan ekonomi wilayah, analisa spasial yaitu Local Index Spatial Analysis (LISA) diterapkan untuk melihat koefisien regresi atas ruang (Anselin, 1995). Dalam analisis ini variabel seperti PDRB dan beberapa variabel dummy diperkenalkan untuk mengukur autokorelasi spasial terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi.
ABSTRACT
Fiscal decentralization is offered as a way to accelerate the performance of each province?s economic capability to encourage economic growth and better public services for their people. However, this approach is still a debate. Previous studies show a contradictory result on the effect of fiscal decentralization in various countries and regions. This thesis performs empirical analysis of influences of fiscal decentralization on regional economic development to see the implementation of fiscal decentralization on developing country like Indonesia and to figure out the effects on traditional economic goals including economic efficiency, horizontal fiscal equity, and spillover effects of regional economic growth.The study is conducted using panel data of 33 provinces in Indonesia from 2005 to 2012 and the model is basically based on the Solow-Swan Model, assuming a relation between economic output and labour and capital with constant returns to scale and diminish returns to each input and the existence of technology improvement, which is assumed as a function of other exogenous variables and fiscal decentralization. The economic development in this thesis is expressed by a growth model and a level model. The growth model explains regional economic growth using the degree of fiscal decentralization and the growth/proxy of other explanatory variables. The level model regresses the level of province?s GRDP on the degree of fiscal decentralization and the level or proxy of other explanatory variables. The degree of fiscal decentralization is represented by the ratio of total local government expenditure and revenue to the total expenditure and revenue of central government and local government. Regarding the spatial spillover effect, Local Index Spatial Analysis (LISA) is introduced to see the regression coefficients over space (Anselin, 1995). In this analysis variables such as GRDP and some dummy variables are introduced to measure the spatial autocorrelation with respect to economic growth., Fiscal decentralization is offered as a way to accelerate the performance of each province’s economic capability to encourage economic growth and better public services for their people. However, this approach is still a debate. Previous studies show a contradictory result on the effect of fiscal decentralization in various countries and regions. This thesis performs empirical analysis of influences of fiscal decentralization on regional economic development to see the implementation of fiscal decentralization on developing country like Indonesia and to figure out the effects on traditional economic goals including economic efficiency, horizontal fiscal equity, and spillover effects of regional economic growth.The study is conducted using panel data of 33 provinces in Indonesia from 2005 to 2012 and the model is basically based on the Solow-Swan Model, assuming a relation between economic output and labour and capital with constant returns to scale and diminish returns to each input and the existence of technology improvement, which is assumed as a function of other exogenous variables and fiscal decentralization. The economic development in this thesis is expressed by a growth model and a level model. The growth model explains regional economic growth using the degree of fiscal decentralization and the growth/proxy of other explanatory variables. The level model regresses the level of province’s GRDP on the degree of fiscal decentralization and the level or proxy of other explanatory variables. The degree of fiscal decentralization is represented by the ratio of total local government expenditure and revenue to the total expenditure and revenue of central government and local government. Regarding the spatial spillover effect, Local Index Spatial Analysis (LISA) is introduced to see the regression coefficients over space (Anselin, 1995). In this analysis variables such as GRDP and some dummy variables are introduced to measure the spatial autocorrelation with respect to economic growth.] |
T42897-Rif Abrar Raflis.pdf :: Unduh