Efisiensi energi, rebound effect dan reformasi pajak lingkungan di Indonesia = Energy efficiency rebound effect and environmental tax reform in Indonesia

Arif Rahman Sobri; Djoni Hartono, supervisor; Vid Adrison, examiner; Distiyanda Putri Syapiih ([, ], 2015)

[ABSTRAK

Indonesia terletak di wilayah geografis yang rentan terhadap perubahan iklim.

Meskipun intensitas energinya terus menurun, namun konsumsi energi dan emisi

karbon terus meningkat. Sehingga diduga terdapat fenomena rebound effect. Studi

ini menggunakan model keseimbangan umum (CGE) untuk menganalisis

fenomena rebound effect di Indonesia, serta dampak pengurangan subsidi energi

dan pengurangan pajak pendapatan terhadap rebound effect dan perekonomian.

Hasil simulasi menjunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia terdapat fenomena rebound

effect, dimana pengurangan subsidi energi dapat menurunkan rebound effect

secara efektif, serta berdampak positif terhadap perekonomian. Meskipun dapat

menurunkan rebound effect, penerapan pengurangan pajak penghasilan

berdampak negatif bagi perekonomian.;

ABSTRACT

Indonesia is located in the geographic areas that are vulnerable to global climate

change. Despite the energy intensity is declining, the energy consumption and

carbon emissions continue to increase. So the existance of rebound effect

phenomenon is suspected. This study uses a general equilibrium model (CGE) to

analyze rebound effect phenomenon in Indonesia, and also to analyze the impact

of energy subsidy reduction and income tax reduction to the rebound effect and

the economy. The simulation results shows that the rebound effect phenomenon is

exist in Indonesia, in which the reduction of the energy subsidies can reduce the

rebound effect effectively, and it has a positive impact to the economy. Although

it may reduce the rebound effect, the implementation of the income tax reduction

has negative impact to the economy., IIndonesia is located in the geographic areas that are vulnerable to global climate