[ABSTRAK
Microgrid (Jaringan Listrik Mikro/JLM) adalah system pembangkit terdistribusimenggunakan beberapa sumber energi sebagai sumber energi listrik, antara lain, dari sumberenergi terbarukan, sehingga ramah lingkungan. JLM dapat bekerja terhubung dengan gridataupun bekerja secara terpisah dari grid/isolated. Stabilitas sistem JLM memberikanreliabilitas, kualitas daya dan efesiensi daya listrik yang lebih baik.Pada JLM yang menggunakan sumber energi surya maka ada satu kondisi dimana padasaat kondisi islanding (tidak terhubung pada jaringan utilitas/PLN) dan pembangkit tidakmendapatkan pasokan energi surya, seperti pada saat malam hari, maka hanya menggunakanbaterai sebagai sumber energinya. Hal ini menimbulkan permasalahan lain yaitu bagaimanamelakukan pengaturan operasi baterai dari masing-masing pembangkit, dengan tetap dapatmenjaga kontinuitas penyaluran daya ke beban sehingga setiap pembangkit tetap mampumenyalurkan daya tanpa harus dilakukan pemutusan beban karena kekurangan pasokan energidari baterai atau jika dilakukan pemutusan beban maka dipastikan paling minimal. Dengan polapengaturan operasi yang dilakukan pada saat pembangkit beroperasi menggunakan baterai,disetiap akhir siklus operasinya, selain seluruh beban dapat dipasok daya,juga tercapai kondisilevel baterai maksimum.Untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan diatas maka dibuat metode pembagian daya antarinverter pada aplikasi manajemen energi di JLM-PV yang mengatur operasi penggunaanbaterai cadangan di setiap pembangkit terdistribusi agar dapat menjaga kontinuitas pasokandaya atau minimalisasi besaran beban yang harus diputus, dengan menggunakan zero oneinteger programing. Pada setiap pembangkit guna memenuhi kebutuhan daya dari bebandengan mekanisme pengaturan pembagian penyaluran daya lisrik (power sharing) antarpembangkit serta melakukan pemanfaatan sumber energi yang berasal dari radiasi mataharisecara maksimal, berdasarkan data perkiraan beban dan perkiraan radiasi.Dari hasil penelitian menunjukan penerapan mekanisme optimasi pemutusan bebanmenggunakan zero-one integer programming pada permasalahan diatas dapat meningkatkanIPD (indek penyaluran daya) dari 86,65% menjadi 95,75% pada simulasi 5 pembangkit denganmetode pembagian daya berdasarkan mode operasi kesamaan daya inverter. Sementaraberdasarkan mode operasi kesamaan level baterai penerapan optimasi pemutusan bebanmeningkatkan IPD dari 95,86% menjadi 99,20%.;
ABSTRACT
Microgrid is a distributed generation system using multiple energy sources, such as, renewable energysources, that making it environmentally friendly. Microgrid is able to work connected to grid (on grid) ordisconnected to grid (off grid/isolated). Microgrid system provides better reliability, power quality andpower efficiency.On solar energy microgrid,during the islanding condition and no solar radiation, at night, it only use thebattery as a source of energy. This condition raises another problem of how to manage battery operationof each generation to maintain the continuity of the power distribution to each load so that eachgeneration is still able to distribute power without load shadding due to insufficient of energy supply fromthe battery or if load shedding is done, it must be done at the most minimum. By performing operationmanagement of the generation when supplied using the battery, the entire load can be supplied withpower and the battery reached the maximum level, at the end of every operation cycle.To solve the aforementioned problem, the inverter power sharing method is developed in energymanagement application on PV-microgrid, which will manage the usage of back-up battery operation oneach distributed generation in order to maintain the continuity of power distribution or to minimize theamount of load shedding, by using the zero one integer programming. To meet the load powerrequirements with generated power and to maximizing the use of solar radiation energy, each generation,using power sharing control mechanism based on data of load prediction and forecasting of solarradiation.The result of the research shown that implementation of the load shedding optimization mechanism usingzero-one integer programming on the aforementioned problem, can increase the PDI (Power DistributionIndex) from 86,65% to 95,75% at 5 generation simulation, with power sharing method based on EqualInverter Output Power Operation Mode. Meanwhile, power sharing method based on Equal Battery LevelOperation Mode, the implementation of load shedding optimization increases PDI from 95,86% to99,20%., Microgrid is a distributed generation system using multiple energy sources, such as, renewable energysources, that making it environmentally friendly. Microgrid is able to work connected to grid (on grid) ordisconnected to grid (off grid/isolated). Microgrid system provides better reliability, power quality andpower efficiency.On solar energy microgrid,during the islanding condition and no solar radiation, at night, it only use thebattery as a source of energy. This condition raises another problem of how to manage battery operationof each generation to maintain the continuity of the power distribution to each load so that eachgeneration is still able to distribute power without load shadding due to insufficient of energy supply fromthe battery or if load shedding is done, it must be done at the most minimum. By performing operationmanagement of the generation when supplied using the battery, the entire load can be supplied withpower and the battery reached the maximum level, at the end of every operation cycle.To solve the aforementioned problem, the inverter power sharing method is developed in energymanagement application on PV-microgrid, which will manage the usage of back-up battery operation oneach distributed generation in order to maintain the continuity of power distribution or to minimize theamount of load shedding, by using the zero one integer programming. To meet the load powerrequirements with generated power and to maximizing the use of solar radiation energy, each generation,using power sharing control mechanism based on data of load prediction and forecasting of solarradiation.The result of the research shown that implementation of the load shedding optimization mechanism usingzero-one integer programming on the aforementioned problem, can increase the PDI (Power DistributionIndex) from 86,65% to 95,75% at 5 generation simulation, with power sharing method based on EqualInverter Output Power Operation Mode. Meanwhile, power sharing method based on Equal Battery LevelOperation Mode, the implementation of load shedding optimization increases PDI from 95,86% to99,20%.] |
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