[ABSTRAK
Penelitian telah dilakukan mengenai karakteristik Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.) Solms dan Pistia stratiotes L. pada air limbah domestik serta uji toksisitashasil fitoremediasinya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui aspek anatomi,fisiologi dan ekologi E. crassipes dan P. stratiotes serta toksisitas hasilfitoremediasinya terhadap Dahnia magna L. dan Cyprinus carpio L. Bahanditempatkan di outlet kolam anaerob, fakultatif dan maturasi di InstalasiPengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Bojongsoang Bandung selama 14 hari dansebagai fitoremediator selama 10 hari dengan metode statik. Hasil fitoremediasidiuji toksisitas akut dan sub akut terhadap D. magna selama 2 hari dan C. carpioselama 4 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan E. crassipes dan P. stratiotessebagian besar menurun pada diameter akar 1,18-2,50 mm, stele 0,37-1,82 mm,korteks 0,30-0,65 mm, panjang akar 0,05-5,21 cm dan kadar klorofil 0,19-1250,33mg/L, serta meningkat pada berat basah 93,39-99,49 g, panjang stolon11,33-15,97 cm, panjang petiola 2,05-3,21 cm dan luas daun 1,12-8,56 cm2;kelimpahan bakteri nitrifikasi pengoksidasi amonia (AOB) dan bakteripengoksidasi nitrat (NOB) meningkat pada rhizosfer E. crassipes. Efisiensitertinggi E. crassipes 86,14% fosfat dan 98,41% nitrat dengan retensi terendah0,3-0,4 hari, serta tertinggi P. stratiotes 96,34% TSS, 97,20% kekeruhan dan96,70% BOD. Kadar nitrat di akar lebih tinggi dibanding pada daun. Hasilfitoremediasi menunjukkan toksik rendah, meningkatkan rata-rata telur12,1-14,7, frekuensi bertelur 0,7 dan awal hari bertelur 3,5-3,6 hari, sertapeningkatan laju konsumsi oksigen 150,8-239,1 mg/g bb/jam C. carpio pada hasilfitoremediasi E. crassipes. Hasil-hasil tertinggi sebagian besar diperoleh pada airlimbah domestik dari kolam anaerob dan fakultatif. Eichhornia crassipes danPistia stratiotes adaptif pada air limbah domestik, berpotensi tinggi dalammenurunkan polutan air limbah domestik dengan hasil fitoremediasinya toksikrendah.;
ABSTRACT
Research has been done on the characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.) Solms and Pistia stratiotes L. in domestic wastewater andphytoremediation results toxicity test. The study aims to determine anatomy,physiology and ecology aspect, and the toxicity test of phytoremediation resultsagainst Daphnia magna L. and Cyprinus carpio L. Materials placed on the outletin anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds on Wastewater Treatment Plant(WWTP) Bojongsoang Bandung for 14 days, and as phytoremediator for 10 daysusing static methods. Acute toxicity tests and sub acute phytoremediation resultsfor D. magna reproduction for 2 days and the rate of oxygen consumption C.carpio for 4 days. The results showed in E. crassipes and P. stratiotes most of thedecrease in root diameter 1.18-2.50 mm, stele 0.37-1.82 mm, cortex0.30-0.65 mm, root length 0.05-5.21 cm and chlorophyll content 0.19-1250.33mg/L, and the increase in wet weight 93.39-99.49 g, stolon length 11.33-15.97cm, petiole length 2.05-3.21 cm and leaf area 1.12-8.56 cm2; abundance ofnitrifying ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrate oxidizing bacteria(NOB) is increased in the rhizosphere of E. crassipes. The highest efficiency ofE. crassipes 86.14% phosphate and 98.41% nitrate, and P. stratiotes 96.34% TSS,97.20% turbidity and 96.70% BOD, and the lowest retention of 0.3-0.4 days.Nitrate levels in roots was higher than in the leaves. Domestic wastewater toxicitytest phytoremediation results to D. magna and C. carpio showed low toxic. Subacutetoxicity tests on D. magna reproduction showed increase the average egg2.1-14.7, the frequency spawn about 0.7 and earlier in the day spawn 3.5-3.6 days,and increase in the rate of oxygen consumption 150.8-239.1 mg/g w/h C. carpioon E. crassipes phytoremediation results. The results mostly takes place in thewastewater from the anaerob and facultative ponds. Eichhornia crassipes andPistia stratiotes adaptive in domestic wastewater, high potential in reducing, Research has been done on the characteristics of Eichhornia crassipes(Mart.) Solms and Pistia stratiotes L. in domestic wastewater andphytoremediation results toxicity test. The study aims to determine anatomy,physiology and ecology aspect, and the toxicity test of phytoremediation resultsagainst Daphnia magna L. and Cyprinus carpio L. Materials placed on the outletin anaerobic, facultative and maturation ponds on Wastewater Treatment Plant(WWTP) Bojongsoang Bandung for 14 days, and as phytoremediator for 10 daysusing static methods. Acute toxicity tests and sub acute phytoremediation resultsfor D. magna reproduction for 2 days and the rate of oxygen consumption C.carpio for 4 days. The results showed in E. crassipes and P. stratiotes most of thedecrease in root diameter 1.18-2.50 mm, stele 0.37-1.82 mm, cortex0.30-0.65 mm, root length 0.05-5.21 cm and chlorophyll content 0.19-1250.33mg/L, and the increase in wet weight 93.39-99.49 g, stolon length 11.33-15.97cm, petiole length 2.05-3.21 cm and leaf area 1.12-8.56 cm2; abundance ofnitrifying ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrate oxidizing bacteria(NOB) is increased in the rhizosphere of E. crassipes. The highest efficiency ofE. crassipes 86.14% phosphate and 98.41% nitrate, and P. stratiotes 96.34% TSS,97.20% turbidity and 96.70% BOD, and the lowest retention of 0.3-0.4 days.Nitrate levels in roots was higher than in the leaves. Domestic wastewater toxicitytest phytoremediation results to D. magna and C. carpio showed low toxic. Subacutetoxicity tests on D. magna reproduction showed increase the average egg2.1-14.7, the frequency spawn about 0.7 and earlier in the day spawn 3.5-3.6 days,and increase in the rate of oxygen consumption 150.8-239.1 mg/g w/h C. carpioon E. crassipes phytoremediation results. The results mostly takes place in thewastewater from the anaerob and facultative ponds. Eichhornia crassipes andPistia stratiotes adaptive in domestic wastewater, high potential in reducing] |
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