ABSTRAK
Malaria merupakan penyakit endemis di Indonesia terutama bagian timur. Kurangnya pengetahuan penduduk mengenai malaria dapat meningkatkan risiko malaria. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengetahuan penduduk mengenai malaria dan hubungannya dengan karakteristik demografi sehingga dapat menjadi dasar penyuluhan kesehatan. Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain cross-sectional di Desa Kalena Rongo, Kabupaten Sumba Barat Daya (SBD). Subjek penelitian adalah orang dewasa yang berada di rumah saat pengambilan data tanggal 21 Juni 2014. Data diambil dengan kuesioner berisi 18 pertanyaan mengenai gejala, pengobatan dan pencegahan malaria. Data diolah dengan SPSS versi 20 dan dianalisis dengan uji chi square dan fisher exact. Jumlah subjek 105 orang yang terdiri atas 29,5% laki-laki dan 70,5% perempuan. Tingkat pendidikan subjek terbanyak adalah tamat SD (39%) dan sebagian besar subjek bekerja di kebun (92,4%). Subjek yang memiliki riwayat malaria sebanyak 54,3%. Tingkat pengetahuan subjek umumnya kurang dan tingkat pengetahuan baik mengenai gejala malaria hanya 10,5%, pengobatan 3,8% dan pencegahan 1,9%. Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan subjek mengenai malaria dengan jenis kelamin (fisher exact, p>0,05), tingkat pendidikan (fisher exact, p>0,05), pekerjaan (fisher exact, p>0,05), dan riwayat malaria (chi-square, p>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa tingkat pengetahuan subjek mengenai malaria adalah kurang dan tidak berhubungan dengan jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, pekerjaan, serta riwayat malaria.
ABSTRACT
Malaria is an endemic disease in Indonesia, especially in the eastern area. Lack of knowledge of the public about malaria may increase the risk of malaria. The purpose of this research is to know the knowledge of villagers about malaria and its relation to demographic characteristics so that the data can be used as basis of health education. The research was conducted with cross-sectional design in Kalena Rongo Village, Southwest Sumba. Subjects were adults who were in their house when the data collection held on June 21, 2014. The data were collected by a questionnaire containing 18 questions about symptoms, treatment and prevention of malaria. The data were processed with SPSS version 20 and analyzed with chi-square test and fisher exact test. Subjects were 105 people, consisted of 29.5% men and 70.5% women. Educational level of subjects mostly was elementary school (39%) and most of subjects worked on farm (92.4%). Subjects who have a history of malaria are as much as 54.3%. Subjects in general have lack of knowledge about malaria and subjects with good level of knowledge about the symptoms of malaria were 10.5%, the treatment 3.8% and the prevention 1.9%. There are no significant differences between the subjects? knowledge level about malaria with gender (fisher exact, p>0.05), educational level (fisher exact, p>0.05), occupation (fisher exact, p>0.05), and history of malaria (chi-square, p>0.05). In conclusion, subjects have lack of knowledge about malaria and the subject?s knowledge level about malaria is not related to gender, educational level, occupation, and history of malaria. |
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