[ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: mengetahui hubungan antara asupan makronutrien dan gayahidup terhadap status HbA1c penyandang diabetes melitus (DM) tipe 2. Metode:penyandang DM tipe 2 dikategorikan ke dalam 2 kelompok, yaitu kontrolglikemik (KG) baik (HbA1c < 7,0) dan KG buruk (HbA1c > 7,0). Datakarakteristik dasar seperti usia, jenis kelamin, status gizi, durasi menderita DM,jenis dan jumlah obat DM yang digunakan, serta ada/ tidaknya komplikasi DMyang diderita. Asupan makronutrien terdiri dari asupan energi total harian, asupankarbohidrat, protein, lemak dan serat. Faktor gaya hidup meliputi ketaatanmengikuti diet sesuai yang direkomendasikan, aktivitas fisik, ketaatan konsumsiobat, merokok dan minum alkohol. Data-data dari kedua kelompok kemudiandihubungkan dengan status HbA1c dengan uji Chi square. Hasil penelitian: usiapenyandang DM yang lebih muda (< 55 tahun), asupan karbohidrat dan ketaatanmengikuti diet berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan status HbA1c (P <0,05). Rasio asupan makronutrien (karbohidrat, protein, lemak) pada kelompokKG baik adalah 47: 18: 35 dan KG buruk 51: 16: 33. Kesimpulan : Hasilpenelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa status HbA1c berhubungan bermakna denganfaktor usia, asupan karbohidrat, dan ketaatan mengikuti diet. Edukasi sebaiknyadiberikan kepada penyandang DM tipe 2 dengan KG buruk, terutama yang berusia< 55 tahun agar mengatur pola makannya sesuai dengan yang direkomendasikandengan memperhatikan jenis, jumlah, dan jadwal.
ABSTRACT
Background: Determining the relationship between macronutrients intake and lifestylefactors and HbA1c status of diabetic type 2 patient in improving the effectiveness ofpatient?s nutrition therapy and preventing diabetes complications. Methods: Diabetictype 2 patients were categorized into 2 groups; patients with good glycemic control (GC)or HbA1c < 7.0 and patients with poor glycemic control (PC) or HbA1c > 7.0. Clinicalcharacteristics were differentiated by age, gender, body mass index (BMI), duration ofillness, type and amount of diabetic medication, and other diabetic complication.Macronutrient intake consisted of total daily calories and carbohydrate, protein, fat andfiber intakes. Lifestyle factors consisted of the adherence to dietary advice andmedication, physical activities, smoking habit, and alcohol intake. The data were be usedto determine their relationship with HbA1c status using Chi Square test. Results:Younger diabetic type 2 patients (< 55 years old), carbohydrate intake, and adherence todietary advice were identified as statistically significant variables related to HbA1c status(P <0.05). Macronutrient intake ratio (carbohydrate : protein : fat) for GC was 47 : 18 : 35and PC was 51 : 16 : 33. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that HbA1c status indiabetic type 2 patient are related to age, carbohydrate intake and adherence to dietaryadvice. Education to be provided to younger diabetic type 2 patients (<55 years old) tomaintain good dietary pattern according to medical nutrition therapy, Background: Determining the relationship between macronutrients intake and lifestylefactors and HbA1c status of diabetic type 2 patient in improving the effectiveness ofpatient’s nutrition therapy and preventing diabetes complications. Methods: Diabetictype 2 patients were categorized into 2 groups; patients with good glycemic control (GC)or HbA1c < 7.0 and patients with poor glycemic control (PC) or HbA1c > 7.0. Clinicalcharacteristics were differentiated by age, gender, body mass index (BMI), duration ofillness, type and amount of diabetic medication, and other diabetic complication.Macronutrient intake consisted of total daily calories and carbohydrate, protein, fat andfiber intakes. Lifestyle factors consisted of the adherence to dietary advice andmedication, physical activities, smoking habit, and alcohol intake. The data were be usedto determine their relationship with HbA1c status using Chi Square test. Results:Younger diabetic type 2 patients (< 55 years old), carbohydrate intake, and adherence todietary advice were identified as statistically significant variables related to HbA1c status(P <0.05). Macronutrient intake ratio (carbohydrate : protein : fat) for GC was 47 : 18 : 35and PC was 51 : 16 : 33. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that HbA1c status indiabetic type 2 patient are related to age, carbohydrate intake and adherence to dietaryadvice. Education to be provided to younger diabetic type 2 patients (<55 years old) tomaintain good dietary pattern according to medical nutrition therapy] |
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