[ABSTRAK
Tesis ini membahas Pola Perilaku Komunitas Lokal yang berada di bantaran sungai danbantaran rel kereta api. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola perilaku komunitaslokal, kondisi eksisting dan sanitasi dasar rumah yang berada di 2 (dua) daerah pemukimankumuh di bantaran sungai Ciliwung dan di bantaran rel kereta api Bukit Duri, Tebet.Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif.Pertumbuhan penduduk dan migrasi desa - kota yang terus meningkat pada sebuah kotamemicu timbulnya arus urbanisasi yang akhirnya menimbulkan suatu permasalahan padasektor permukiman dan ketersediaan lahan. Keadaan tersebut memicu tumbuhnyapermukiman kumuh dan liar di bantaran sungai dan bantaran rel kereta api. Wilayahpermukiman di bantaran sungai dan rel menjadikan permasalahan tersendiri seperti banjir dipemukiman; penggunaan sungai untuk tempat mandi cuci, buang air besar dan jugapembuangan sampah domestik rumah tangga; pola tatanan rumah yang tidak teratur denganjenis bangunan yang bervariasi mulai dari gubuk dan semi permanen. Walau dengan kondisiperumahan yang sedemikian, warga masih tetap bertahan dan tinggal di permukimantersebut. Hal ini disebabkan karena, banyak tersedia tempat kerja di sektor informal dekatdengan hunian mereka dan juga mereka sering mendapatkan manfaat atau bantuan darikondisi kekumuhan tersebut.Serangkaian kegiatan yang dilakukan dalam sektor informal menciptakan hubungan timbalbalik dengan lingkungan tempat tinggal. Pada penelitian ini ditemukan perbedaan polaperilaku yang terdapat pada masing-masing lokasi berdasarkan kondisi fisik dan sanitasi.Bantaran sungai menjadi tempat berkumpul, mengobrol serta duduk-duduk bersantai,sedangkan kegiatan serupa tidak dapat dilakukan dengan santai oleh warga di bantaran relkereta api. Warga di bantaran sungai dan bantaran rel kereta api pada umumnya bekerja di sektorinformal namun warga di bantaran rel ada yang bekerja sebagai pengemis dan pemulung.Warga di bantaran sungai Ciliwung menempati rumah permanen dan semi permanensementara rumah di bantaran rel kereta api pada umumnya adalah semi permanen dan gubuk.Mereka yang tinggal dibantaran sungai dan bantaran rel kereta api umumnya menyadari danmerasa khawatir terhadap penggusuran yang mungkin dilakukan oleh petugas Satpol PP.Namun demikian warga yang tinggal di bantaran rel kereta api lebih siap dan mau menerimaperlakuan tersebut.Warga di bantaran sungai Ciliwung menikmati keberadaan MCK di sungai, dan merekabebas melakukan interaksi sosial antara satu dengan lainnya sementara warga di bantaran relmemanfaatkan MCK umum milik PT KAI dan milik Manajemen Pasar Pagi untukmelakukan aktivitas serupa.Air sungai yang mengalir dan pepohonan hijau tumbuh disekitar bantaran sungaimenimbulkan suasana yang nyaman dan santai dikalangan warga/penghuni. Sementarakondisi di bantaran rel kereta api selalu penuh dengan kebisingan dan tidak senyaman sepertisuasana di bantaran sungai. Interaksi sosial di dibantaran rel kereta api berlangsungseperlunya saja, kurang akrab dan tidak santai.
ABSTRACT
This thesis discusses about a daily behavior pattern of Local Community located in the banksof the river and the bank of railway. The purpose of this study is to know behavior pattern ofthe existing condition and the basic sanitary of the local community located on the bank ofriver and on the bank of railway. This study uses the qualitative method. This study wasconducted in 2 (two) slum residences on the bank of Ciliwung River and on bank of railwayin Bukit Duri Tebet.The growth of population and rural ? urban migration create some problems in settlement andland availability in urban area. This condition triggered the slum and illegal settlements onthe bank of the river and on the bank of the railway. Those settlements have specificproblems such as flooding in the settlements, using river for bathing, washing, defecation anddomestic waste disposal. Though they live in that condition they can still survive becausethere are many availability of informal sector workplaces close to those settlements and theycan get some benefits and funding due to that ?slummy? condition.A series activities done in informal sector creates interaction with their settlementenvironment. This study found that there are some differences of behavior pattern betweenthose two locations based on physical condition and sanitary condition. The bank of the riverbecomes the place for talking, sitting and resting among community, while the community inthe banks of railway do those similar activities just for necesarry situation because theyshould aware for almost every five minutes due to the train traffic and its noise. Thecommunity in the bank of railway also should aware of the eviction by Satpol PP (the citypolice). The community in the bank of the river has permanent and semi permanent houseswhile the community the banks of railway generally live in semi permanent houses and huts. The community in the banks of the river and railway generally work in informal sector butsome of the community in the banks of railway work as beggars and scavengers. Regardingactivities of MCK (Bathing, Washing, and Defecation) the community in the river prefer touse the river of Ciliwung, because they can use it for social interactions among them whilethe citizen the bank of railway prefer to use railway and some public MCKs belongs to PTKAI and the Morning Marjet Management.The atmosphere along the river which is shown by the flowing water and trees around itposes a comfortable and relaxed situation for interaction among the community while theconditions on the banks of the railway is always full of noise and not as comfortable as on thebanks of the river. Furthermore the community on the banks of railway should stay alert forthe possibility of eviction by the local government., This thesis discusses about a daily behavior pattern of Local Community located in the banksof the river and the bank of railway. The purpose of this study is to know behavior pattern ofthe existing condition and the basic sanitary of the local community located on the bank ofriver and on the bank of railway. This study uses the qualitative method. This study wasconducted in 2 (two) slum residences on the bank of Ciliwung River and on bank of railwayin Bukit Duri Tebet.The growth of population and rural – urban migration create some problems in settlement andland availability in urban area. This condition triggered the slum and illegal settlements onthe bank of the river and on the bank of the railway. Those settlements have specificproblems such as flooding in the settlements, using river for bathing, washing, defecation anddomestic waste disposal. Though they live in that condition they can still survive becausethere are many availability of informal sector workplaces close to those settlements and theycan get some benefits and funding due to that “slummy” condition.A series activities done in informal sector creates interaction with their settlementenvironment. This study found that there are some differences of behavior pattern betweenthose two locations based on physical condition and sanitary condition. The bank of the riverbecomes the place for talking, sitting and resting among community, while the community inthe banks of railway do those similar activities just for necesarry situation because theyshould aware for almost every five minutes due to the train traffic and its noise. Thecommunity in the bank of railway also should aware of the eviction by Satpol PP (the citypolice). The community in the bank of the river has permanent and semi permanent houseswhile the community the banks of railway generally live in semi permanent houses and huts. The community in the banks of the river and railway generally work in informal sector butsome of the community in the banks of railway work as beggars and scavengers. Regardingactivities of MCK (Bathing, Washing, and Defecation) the community in the river prefer touse the river of Ciliwung, because they can use it for social interactions among them whilethe citizen the bank of railway prefer to use railway and some public MCKs belongs to PTKAI and the Morning Marjet Management.The atmosphere along the river which is shown by the flowing water and trees around itposes a comfortable and relaxed situation for interaction among the community while theconditions on the banks of the railway is always full of noise and not as comfortable as on thebanks of the river. Furthermore the community on the banks of railway should stay alert forthe possibility of eviction by the local government.] |
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