[ABSTRAK
Meningkatnya konsumsi energi Tiongkok telah menjadikan Tiongkok sebagainegara pengkonsumsi energi terbesar sekaligus juga sebagai negara pengimporenergi terbesar. Hal ini menjadikan energi sebagai komponen strategis dalamkebijakan luar negeri dan keamanan nasional Tiongkok dengan mendorongNational Oil Companies (NOCs) nya untuk mencari sumber minyak di luarnegeri. Sikap Tiongkok yang terlihat antusias dalam membantu NOCs mencaripasokan minyak diluar negeri kemudian menimbulkan anggapan yang beragam.Kepemilikan pemerintah Tiongkok yang cukup besar terhadap NOCs nya semakinmemperkuat spekulasi tentang kepentingan non-komersil Tiongkok melaluiekspansi NOCs. Kepentingan pemerintah dianggap lebih besar dibandingkan kepentingan perusahaan karena dianggap menjaga stabilitas politik dan kelanggengan rezim pemerintahan dalam suatu negara. Selain itu, NOCs jugadianggap memegang peran penting dalam perekonomian Tiongkok dan dapatmempengaruhi dinamika regional maupun internasional karena tidak hanyamendapat perhatian International Oil Company melainkan juga perhatian negaranegara lain. Oleh sebab itu, ekspansi NOCs sering dikaitan dengan hubungan antar negara, negara dan NOCs, maupun NOCs, dan IOC.Untuk itu tulisan ini akan mencoba untuk melihat dominasi dua kepentingandalam ekspansi yang dilakukan NOCs Tiongkok di luar negeri, yakni dominasi kepentingan negara atau kepentingan perusahan.
ABSTRACT
The increased energy consumption has made Tiongkok as the largest energyconsumption as well as the largest energy importer in the world. This makes theenergy as a strategic component in the foreign policy and national security ofTiongkok by encouraging its National Oil Companies (NOCs) to seek oilresources abroad. Tiongkok attitude, which seemed enthusiastic in helping NOCsseek overseas oil supply then leads to the different assumption about that.Ownership sizable of Tiongkok government in its NOCs then strengthens thespeculation about Tiongkok's non-commercial use through the expansion ofNOCs. Government interests are considered greater than the interests of thecompany because they maintain political stability and permanence of the regimein a country. In addition, the NOCs are also thought to play an important role inChina's economy and could affect regional and international dynamics due to notonly get attention International Oil Company, but also the attention of othercountries. Therefore, NOCs often are associated with the expansion of relationsbetween states, nations and NOCs, and the NOCs, and the IOC. So, this paper will try to see the dominance of the two interests in the expansion of Tiongkok NOCs, namely the dominance of the state interests or business interests., The increased energy consumption has made Tiongkok as the largest energyconsumption as well as the largest energy importer in the world. This makes theenergy as a strategic component in the foreign policy and national security ofTiongkok by encouraging its National Oil Companies (NOCs) to seek oilresources abroad. Tiongkok attitude, which seemed enthusiastic in helping NOCsseek overseas oil supply then leads to the different assumption about that.Ownership sizable of Tiongkok government in its NOCs then strengthens thespeculation about Tiongkok's non-commercial use through the expansion ofNOCs. Government interests are considered greater than the interests of thecompany because they maintain political stability and permanence of the regimein a country. In addition, the NOCs are also thought to play an important role inChina's economy and could affect regional and international dynamics due to notonly get attention International Oil Company, but also the attention of othercountries. Therefore, NOCs often are associated with the expansion of relationsbetween states, nations and NOCs, and the NOCs, and the IOC. So, this paper will try to see the dominance of the two interests in the expansion of Tiongkok NOCs, namely the dominance of the state interests or business interests.] |
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