[ABSTRAK
Sejak 1980an, pendekatan pembangungan dipengaruhi oleh pemikiranNeoliberalisme baik di level internasional maupun domestik. Kebijakan ekonomidiarahkan untuk menjadi lebih terbuka, berorientasi pasar, dan mengurangi perannegara dalam pembangunan. Dengan demikian, perekonomian diharapkan dapatmenjadi lebih efektif dan mendorong pertumbuhan ekonomi. Namun, padapraktiknya, negara-negara berkembang justru mengalami efek negatif dalampembangunanannya. Tulisan ini berargumen hal ini disebabkan oleh dua hal, yaitunegara berkembang tidak mampu mengubah rezim yang ada dan kebijakanNeoliberal digunakan untuk kepentingan negara maju. Kondisi pada levelmasyarakat dengan konteks sejarah dan sosial yang berbeda membuat Neoliberaltidak cocok diaplikasikan pada negara berkembang. Sedangkan pembangunansebagai bagian dari kepentingan negara maju telah menjadi nature atau sifat dasardari pembangunan. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini kemudian menjabarkan pandanganlain dalam pembangunan yang ditulis oleh Amartya Sen. Pembangunan, menurutSen, bukan hanya sebagai pertumbuhan ekonomi, namun juga sebagai kebebasan.Pemikiran Sen kemudian dijadikan sebagai landasan moral bagi pembangunan.Akan tetapi, landasan moral tersebut justru menjadi justifikasi bagi pemikirannegara maju untuk dapat menentukan arah pembangunan negara berkembang.Menanggapi hal tersebut, tulisan ini berargumen bahwa Kearifan Lokal yang menginklusikan nilai moral lokal sebagai pertimbangan perencanaan pembangunan dapat menjadi jawaban.
ABSTRACT
Since 1980s, development practices is affected by the Neoliberal approach both atthe international level and domestic level. This results in economic policies tobecome more open, market oriented and minimization states? role in development.Therefore, the economic dimensia is expected to be more effective and is expectedto boost economic growth. However, the reality is contrary from what expectedbefore especially for developing countries. This paper argues this has happeneddue to the inability of developing countries to reshape the development practices and that the neoliberal policies are used for the sake of the developing countries? interest. Therefore, this paper tries to elaborates the writings by refering toAmartya Sen. Sen defines development not only as economic development, butalso as freedom. Sen?s thought later becomes the moral justification fordevelopment practices, however, this paper argues that, the ethics Sen mentionedbefore justifies Western thought on development on developing countries. This paper completes these loopholes by focusing on the elements of Local Wisdom to be include the local moral development planning. , Since 1980s, development practices is affected by the Neoliberal approach both atthe international level and domestic level. This results in economic policies tobecome more open, market oriented and minimization states’ role in development.Therefore, the economic dimensia is expected to be more effective and is expectedto boost economic growth. However, the reality is contrary from what expectedbefore especially for developing countries. This paper argues this has happeneddue to the inability of developing countries to reshape the development practices and that the neoliberal policies are used for the sake of the developing countries’ interest. Therefore, this paper tries to elaborates the writings by refering toAmartya Sen. Sen defines development not only as economic development, butalso as freedom. Sen’s thought later becomes the moral justification fordevelopment practices, however, this paper argues that, the ethics Sen mentionedbefore justifies Western thought on development on developing countries. This paper completes these loopholes by focusing on the elements of Local Wisdom to be include the local moral development planning. ] |
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