[ABSTRAK
Industri penerbangan tumbuh begitu cepat dalam dua dekade. Jumlahpenumpang meningkat drastis. Di lain pihak, airline menghadapi tantangan terkaitdengan capacity yang bisa disediakan dan faktor eksternal. Meningkatnyapermintaan perjalanan udara tidak selalu sejalan dengan meningkatnyakeuntungan karena industri penerbangan harus berkompetisi dengan rivalnya.Deregulasi industri penerbangan telah mengubah pintu masuk dan pintu keluarmenjadi lebih fleksibel.Studi lebih lanjut mengenai penentu profitabilitas industri penerbangandiperlukan untuk mengetahui faktor yang menjadikan industri ini menguntungkan.Dengan menggunakan regresi linear berganda, penelitian ini menguji sisi operasi,keuangan, dan kompetisi terhadap profitabilitas maskapai penerbangan. Hasil daripenelitian ini mengkonfirmasi penelitian sebelumnya bahwa operasional memberidampak terhadap profitabilitas maskapai. Beberapa faktor diuji. Jumlah pesawatmemberi dampak positif terhadap profitabilitas. Meski begitu, peningkatan inibisa dilakukan dengan bergabung aliansi sebagai bagian strategi untuk tumbuh.Sedang tingkat isian pesawat tidak memberi pengaruh.Konsentrasi trafik perjalanan udara sebagai ukuran kompetisi telah memberiinformasi bahwa hal ini berpengaruh terhadap profitabilitas maskapai.Peningkatan konsentrasi dapat dilakukan melalui penambahan rute dan frekuensipenerbangan. Selain itu, maskapai bisa menarik konsumen dengan membedakankualitas produk antar maskapai. Dikarenakan industri penerbangan tumbuh, makadiperlukan dukungan modal agar industri penerbangan dapat menyediakankapasitas sesuai permintaan perjalanan udara. Tingkat utang memberi pengaruhpositif dalam meningkatkan profitabilitas maskapai dengan limitasi tertentu.
ABSTRACT
The airline industry has become more rapid growth in a two decades.Number of passengers increase drastically. On the other hand, airlines facingsome challenges in conjunction with internal capacity creates and external shocks.Increasing demand do not linearly increasing profitability since they have tocompete over the rivals. Deregulation airline industry has changing the entry andexit to market lower.The study about determinants of airlines profitability is required to ensurethe airlines in profitabile operations. By multiple linear regression, research isexamining operational, financial, and competition issue to find these effect intoprofitability. The research results confirmed previous study that operationalperformance has affect to airlines profitability. Several factors in operational hastested. Fleet size as variables operational has consistently impact to profitability.However, alliances as the other ways increasing size could be considering as partof strategic to growth while load factor has no affect in predicting profit.The industry concentration as competition measurement has provide insightto the research that competition has affect to profitability. Increasingconcentration could achieved by increase fligth frequencies particularly intoroutes that profitable. In addition, airlines shall attract passengers more byoffering product market quality that can distinguished by consumers. Since theindustry growth driven by demand, airlines required more financial supports inproviding capacity of air traffics. The financial leveraged has play a key role ingenerating profitability.;The airline industry has become more rapid growth in a two decades.Number of passengers increase drastically. On the other hand, airlines facingsome challenges in conjunction with internal capacity creates and external shocks.Increasing demand do not linearly increasing profitability since they have tocompete over the rivals. Deregulation airline industry has changing the entry andexit to market lower.The study about determinants of airlines profitability is required to ensurethe airlines in profitabile operations. By multiple linear regression, research isexamining operational, financial, and competition issue to find these effect intoprofitability. The research results confirmed previous study that operationalperformance has affect to airlines profitability. Several factors in operational hastested. Fleet size as variables operational has consistently impact to profitability.However, alliances as the other ways increasing size could be considering as partof strategic to growth while load factor has no affect in predicting profit.The industry concentration as competition measurement has provide insightto the research that competition has affect to profitability. Increasingconcentration could achieved by increase fligth frequencies particularly intoroutes that profitable. In addition, airlines shall attract passengers more byoffering product market quality that can distinguished by consumers. Since theindustry growth driven by demand, airlines required more financial supports inproviding capacity of air traffics. The financial leveraged has play a key role ingenerating profitability., The airline industry has become more rapid growth in a two decades.Number of passengers increase drastically. On the other hand, airlines facingsome challenges in conjunction with internal capacity creates and external shocks.Increasing demand do not linearly increasing profitability since they have tocompete over the rivals. Deregulation airline industry has changing the entry andexit to market lower.The study about determinants of airlines profitability is required to ensurethe airlines in profitabile operations. By multiple linear regression, research isexamining operational, financial, and competition issue to find these effect intoprofitability. The research results confirmed previous study that operationalperformance has affect to airlines profitability. Several factors in operational hastested. Fleet size as variables operational has consistently impact to profitability.However, alliances as the other ways increasing size could be considering as partof strategic to growth while load factor has no affect in predicting profit.The industry concentration as competition measurement has provide insightto the research that competition has affect to profitability. Increasingconcentration could achieved by increase fligth frequencies particularly intoroutes that profitable. In addition, airlines shall attract passengers more byoffering product market quality that can distinguished by consumers. Since theindustry growth driven by demand, airlines required more financial supports inproviding capacity of air traffics. The financial leveraged has play a key role ingenerating profitability.] |
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