Hubungan antara faktor risiko dan gejala dengan temuan mikroorganisme pada perempuan usia reproduksi dengan keluhan keputihan = Correlation among risk factors and symptoms with microorganism of vaginal discharge in reproducitve age women

Aliefatien Asmanuwati, author

Abstrak

ABSTRAK

Latar belakang: Keputihan merupakan sering dijumpai menjadi alasan wanita berobat

ke dokter. Pengenalan faktor risiko dan gejala yang menyertainya serta kaitannya dengan

penyebab mikrobiologi keluhan keputihan dapat berguna bagi klinisi dalam praktik

sehari-hari. Penelitian ini mencari hubungan antara faktor risiko dan gejala yang dialami

terhadap temuan mikrobiologi penyebab keputihan pada wanita usia reproduksi.

Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang di Departemen Obstetri &

Ginekologi RS Cipto Mangunkusumo, Jakarta. Wawancara dilakukan pada pasien di

poliklinik dengan keluhan keputihan untuk identifikasi faktor risiko dan gejala. Temuan

mikrobiologi dikonfirmasi dengan pemeriksaan yang spesifik sebagai baku emas.

Hasil: Sebanyak 81 subjek ikut serta dalam penelitian ini. Candida sp merupakan

penyebab infeksi tunggal terbanyak yang ditemukan (17 subjek, 12,3%). Hubungan

seksual yang sering (≥3 times/week, p<0,001) dan keputihan meningkat setelah

berhubungan seksual (p=0.04) bmerupakan faktor risiko dan gejala yang berhubungan

dengan Bacterial vaginosis, berturut-turut. Bau amis (p=0,09), nyeri vulva (p=0,026),

dan peningkatan keputihan setelah hubungan seksual (p=0,002) merupakan gejala yang

berhubungan dengan Trichomonas vaginalis. Gatal (p=0,028), keputihan seperti

gumpalan susu (p<0,001), dan keputihan meningkat setelah hari ke-14 siklus menstruasi

(p<0.001) berhubungan dengan Candida sp sementara penggunaan pil KB kombinasi

(p=0,03) dan perdarahan setelah hubungan seksual (p=0,009) merupakan gejala yang

berhubungan dengan Chlamydia trachomatis.

Kesimpulan: Beberapa faktor risiko dan gejala berhubungan dengan temuan

mikrobiologi spesifik sebagai penyebab keluhan keputihan pada populasi wanita usia reproduksi.;

ABSTRACT
Background: Vaginal discharge is a common reason for women to seek medical
attention worldwide. Recognition risk factors and symptoms and their association to
specific microbiological causes of vaginal discharge can be benefical for clinician in
clinical practice. This study aimed to identify risk factors and symptoms and their
association to specific microbiological causes of vaginal discharge among reproductive
aged women.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Obstetric &
Gynecology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. We interviewed outpatient
subjects with vaginal discharge for risk factors and symptoms. Microbiological causes
identification was performed using gold standard methods.
Results: A total of 81 subjects were included in this study. Candida sp was the
commonest single infection (17 subjects, 12.3%). Frequent (≥3 times/week) sexual
intercourse (p <0.001) and increased discharge after sex (p=0.04) were risk factor and
symptom associated with Bacterial vaginosis, respectively. Fishy odor (p=0.09), vulva
pain (p=0.026), and increased discharge after sex (p=0.002) were symptoms associated
with Trichomonas vaginalis. Itchy sensation (p=0.028), clumps of milk appearance
(p<0.001), and discharge increased after 14th day of cycle (p<0.001) were associated
with Candida sp while taking combination pill (p=0.03) and bloody discharge after sex
(p=0.009) were associated with Chlamydia trachomatis.
Conclusion: Several risk factors and symptoms found to be associated with microbiological causes of vaginal discharge in our population.;Background: Vaginal discharge is a common reason for women to seek medical

attention worldwide. Recognition risk factors and symptoms and their association to

specific microbiological causes of vaginal discharge can be benefical for clinician in

clinical practice. This study aimed to identify risk factors and symptoms and their

association to specific microbiological causes of vaginal discharge among reproductive

aged women.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted in Department of Obstetric &

Gynecology, Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta. We interviewed outpatient

subjects with vaginal discharge for risk factors and symptoms. Microbiological causes

identification was performed using gold standard methods.

Results: A total of 81 subjects were included in this study. Candida sp was the

commonest single infection (17 subjects, 12.3%). Frequent (≥3 times/week) sexual

intercourse (p <0.001) and increased discharge after sex (p=0.04) were risk factor and

symptom associated with Bacterial vaginosis, respectively. Fishy odor (p=0.09), vulva

pain (p=0.026), and increased discharge after sex (p=0.002) were symptoms associated

with Trichomonas vaginalis. Itchy sensation (p=0.028), clumps of milk appearance

(p<0.001), and discharge increased after 14th day of cycle (p<0.001) were associated

with Candida sp while taking combination pill (p=0.03) and bloody discharge after sex

(p=0.009) were associated with Chlamydia trachomatis.

Conclusion: Several risk factors and symptoms found to be associated with microbiological causes of vaginal discharge in our population.;Background: Vaginal discharge is a common reason for women to seek medical