Tujuan: mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan, persepsi, sikap, dan tindakan dokter gigi di DKI Jakarta terhadap HIV/AIDS dan prosedur kontrol infeksi, serta kesediaan merawat pasien HIV/AIDS. Metode: Survei ini memiliki desain potong lintang, dan dilakukan dengan memberikan kuesioner kepada 189 dokter gigi di 15 kecamatan di provinsi DKI Jakarta yang dipilih secara acak. Kriteria eksklusi penelitian ini adalah dokter gigi yang memiliki pengalaman studi pascasarjana dalam bidang kedokteran maupun kedokteran gigi. Hasil: Mayoritas responden memiliki tingkat pengetahuan yang rendah (76,7%) dan sikap yang negatif (58,2%), dengan persepsi dan tindakan berada pada tingkat netral. Dari 5 parameter yang diujikan dalam bagian pengetahuan, nilai terendah ditunjukkan pada parameter tatalaksana gigi dan mulut, sedangkan nilai terbaik pada parameter transmisi. Hanya 47,1% responden yang bersedia merawat pasien HIV/AIDS. Alasan utama dokter gigi yang belum bersedia merawat pasien HIV adalah rasa takut akan risiko transmisi dan kurangnya pengetahuan mengenai tatalaksana gigi mulut pada pasien HIV/AIDS. Analisis multivariat menunjukkan sejumlah faktor yang dapat dijadikan prediktor kesediaan merawat pasien HIV/AIDS: persepsi positif (OR 7,26; 95% CI, 1,33-39,72; p = 0,022), sikap netral (OR 6,63; 95% CI, 2,99-14,68; p = 0,000), tidak bekerja di praktik pribadi (OR 3,66; 95% CI, 1,01-13,27; p = 0,048), dan jenis kelamin pria (OR 3,48; 95% CI, 1,36-8,90; p = 0,009). Kesimpulan: Kesediaan responden penelitian ini paling kuat berkorelasi dengan sikap responden, diikuti persepsi dan tindakan. Pengetahuan berkorelasi dengan persepsi dan sikap; persepsi berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan, sikap, dan kesediaan; sikap berkorelasi dengan pengetahuan, persepsi, tindakan, dan kesediaan; serta tindakan berkorelasi dengan persepsi, sikap, dan kesediaan.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, perception, attitudes, and practices of dentists in Jakarta towards HIV/AIDS and infection control procedures, and willingness to treat HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire toward 189 dentists in 15 subdistricts randomly selected in Jakarta. Dentist with experience of any postgraduate study related to medicine or dentistry was excluded. Results: Majority of respondents had poor knowledge (76.7%) and attitudes (58.2%), with average level of perception and practices associated with dental treatment for patients with HIV/AIDS. Among 5 topics in the knowledge section, the lowest result was about dental management, while the highest was about HIV transmission. Only 47.1% showed willingness to give dental treatment for patients with HIV/AIDS. Two main reason of refusal reported by the dentists was fear of HIV transmission and lack of knowledge about dental management for HIV/AIDS patients. Multivariate analysis revealed several factors which could be used to predict dentist willingness: positive perception (OR 7.26; 95% CI, 1.33-39.72; p = 0.022), average attitude (OR 6.63; 95% CI, 2.99-14.68; p = 0.000), not working in private practice (OR 3.66; 95% CI, 1.01-13.27; p = 0.048), and male gender (OR 3.48; 95% CI, 1.36-8.90; p = 0.009). Conclusion: Willingness of dentists in this study had strongest correlation with attitudes, followed by perception and practices. Knowlege was correlated with perception and attitudes; perception was correlated with knowledge, attitudes, and willingness; attitudes was correlated with knowledge, perception, practices, and willingness; and practices was correlated with perception, attitudes, and willingness. |
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