ABSTRAK Latar Belakang : Kotinin merupakan hasil metabolit utama nikotin dankadarnya pada urin merupakan indikator pajanan asap rokok. Penlitian ini untukmengetahui kadar kotinin urin pada anak yang terpajan dan tidak terpajan asaprokok di lingkungan rumah. Metode : Penelitian potong lintang pada anak usia sekolah dasar yang tidakmerokok. Subjek dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok terpajan dan tidak terpajanberdasarkan status pajanannya. Data yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dan sampelurin sewaktu yang diukur dengan metode ELISA. Hasil : Total subjek 128 anak usia 6-12 tahun yang terdiri dari 64 anak padakelompok terpajan dan 64 anak yang tidak terpajan. Kadar kotinin urin padakelompok terpajan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok tidak terpajan (median30,1 vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). Terdapat perbedaan kadar kotinin pada anak yangterpajan asap rokok dengan jumlah batang rokok yang dihisap oleh perokok dirumah (p<0.05). Status pajanan asap rokok berhubungan dengan keluhan batuk,infeksi saluran napas atas dan rawat inap karena keluhan respirasi pada anak. Nilaititik potong optimal kadar kotinin urin pada anak untuk menilai pajanan asaprokok yaitu 17,95 ng/ml (sensitifitas 81%, spesifisitas 81%, AUC 91,2%, p<0.05).Kesimpulan: Kadar kotinin urin dapat digunakan sebagai biomarker yang tidak invasif untuk evaluasi pajanan asap rokok pada anak.ABSTRACT Introduction : The cotinine is major metabolite of nicotine and the level ofurinary cotinine is an indicator of tobacco smoke exposure. This study investigate role of urinary cotinine level in children exposed and unexposed to tobacco smokeat home.Method : A Cross sectional study that enrolled elementary school nonsmokerschildren classified into exposed group and unexposed group based on tobaccosmoke sexposure status. The questionnaire and spot urinary samples werecollected and urinary cotinine levels were measured by ELISA.Results : A total 128 nonsmokers children age 6-12 years divided into 64 childrenin exposed group and 64 children in unexposed group. The urinary cotinine levelsin exposed group significantly higher than unexposed group (median 30,1 ng/m;vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). There was significant difference of urinary cotinine levelin exposed group with number of cigarettes (p<0.05). Tobacco smoke exposurestatus associated with frequent cough symptom, upper respiratory infection andhospitalization because of respiratory symptoms in subjects. The optimal cut offpoint urinary cotinine in children to distinguish unexposed children with exposedto tobacco smoke at home was 17,95 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, spesificity 81%,p<0.05).Conclusion : The urinary cotinine level is useful and noninvasive biomarker for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure in children. ;Introduction : The cotinine is major metabolite of nicotine and the level ofurinary cotinine is an indicator of tobacco smoke exposure. This study investigate role of urinary cotinine level in children exposed and unexposed to tobacco smokeat home.Method : A Cross sectional study that enrolled elementary school nonsmokerschildren classified into exposed group and unexposed group based on tobaccosmoke sexposure status. The questionnaire and spot urinary samples werecollected and urinary cotinine levels were measured by ELISA.Results : A total 128 nonsmokers children age 6-12 years divided into 64 childrenin exposed group and 64 children in unexposed group. The urinary cotinine levelsin exposed group significantly higher than unexposed group (median 30,1 ng/m;vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). There was significant difference of urinary cotinine levelin exposed group with number of cigarettes (p<0.05). Tobacco smoke exposurestatus associated with frequent cough symptom, upper respiratory infection andhospitalization because of respiratory symptoms in subjects. The optimal cut offpoint urinary cotinine in children to distinguish unexposed children with exposedto tobacco smoke at home was 17,95 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, spesificity 81%,p<0.05).Conclusion : The urinary cotinine level is useful and noninvasive biomarker for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure in children. ;Introduction : The cotinine is major metabolite of nicotine and the level ofurinary cotinine is an indicator of tobacco smoke exposure. This study investigate role of urinary cotinine level in children exposed and unexposed to tobacco smokeat home.Method : A Cross sectional study that enrolled elementary school nonsmokerschildren classified into exposed group and unexposed group based on tobaccosmoke sexposure status. The questionnaire and spot urinary samples werecollected and urinary cotinine levels were measured by ELISA.Results : A total 128 nonsmokers children age 6-12 years divided into 64 childrenin exposed group and 64 children in unexposed group. The urinary cotinine levelsin exposed group significantly higher than unexposed group (median 30,1 ng/m;vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). There was significant difference of urinary cotinine levelin exposed group with number of cigarettes (p<0.05). Tobacco smoke exposurestatus associated with frequent cough symptom, upper respiratory infection andhospitalization because of respiratory symptoms in subjects. The optimal cut offpoint urinary cotinine in children to distinguish unexposed children with exposedto tobacco smoke at home was 17,95 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, spesificity 81%,p<0.05).Conclusion : The urinary cotinine level is useful and noninvasive biomarker for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure in children. |