ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Prevalens obesitas anak dan remaja semakin meningkat.Obesitas merupakan masalah yang penting karena dianggap sebagai salah satufaktor risiko utama terjadinya penyakit jantung, resistensi insulin, diabetesmellitus tipe 2 (DMT2), hipertensi, dan stroke. Diperkirakan 80% anak yangmengalami obesitas akan terus mengalami kondisi tersebut pada saat dewasa.Sebelum anak mencapai pubertas, intervensi dini pada diet dan aktivitas fisissangat penting sebagai tata laksana obesitas anak. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisis terhadap indeks massa tubuh (IMT), asupan makan, aktivitas fisis, dan kebugaran pada anak obesusia 6-9 tahun. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan uji pre dan pasca-intervensi pada murid SDusia 6-9 tahun di SD Marsudirini dan SD Melania Jakarta pada bulan SeptemberDesember2015. Intervensidietberupaanalisisdanedukasidietpadasubyekdanorangtua.Intervensiaktivitasfisisdiberikansebanyak3 kali60 menitpermingguselama12minggudenganintensitassedangvigorous.Pengukuran tingkataktivitas fisis menggunakan Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-C).Pengambilan data dilakukan pada awal dan akhir penelitian dengan penambahandata IMT pada pertengahan penelitian. Hasil: 25 subyek ikut serta pada awal penelitian, 23 subyek menyelesaikanpenelitian. Pada akhir intevensi, terdapat hasil yang bermakna pada penurunanIMT -1.16 kg/m2(p<0,001), asupan makan -772,58 kkal (p<0,001), danpeningkatan 3 komponen tes kebugaran (lari 30 m, loncat vertikal, and baringduduk). Sebelas subyek mengalami penurunan IMT sehingga mencapai statusnutrisi gizi lebih. Terdapat peningkatan nilai PAQ-C 0,15, namun peningkatan initidak bermakna. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara penurunan IMT dengan kehadiranlatihan fisis dan penurunan asupan makan subyek. Simpulan : Intervensi diet dan aktivitas fisis selama 12 minggu pada anak obesusia 6-9 tahun menyebabkan penurunan IMT, asupan makan, dan peningkatankebugaran. Hasil ini menunjukkan pentingnya multidisiplin ilmu dalam tata laksana anak dengan obesitas. ABSTRACT Background: The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents hasdramatically increased. Obesity is considered as risk factor for cardiovasculardisease and associated with comorbid conditions such as insulin resistance, type 2diabetes mellitus, hypertension and stroke. It has been observed that 80% of obeseadolescents will persist into adulthood. Early dietary and physical activityintervention of childhood obesity is mandated before reaching puberty.Objective: To examine the effects of 12-week dietary and physical activityintervention on body mass index (BMI), dietary intake, physical activity, andfitness in 6-9 years old obese children. Methods: In this one group pre and post test design, 25 obese children weresubjected to 12-weeks dietary and physical activity intervention. All children werebetween 6-9 years old and attending primary education in SD Marsudirini I andSD Melania III. Dietary intervention were given in the form of dietary analysisand education 4 times with 1 month interval. Physical activity intervention weregiven 3 times weekly (60 minutes duration) with moderate to vigorous exerciseintensity. Measurement of physical activity was done using Physical ActivityQuestionnaire (PAQ-C). Data collection were done at intial and final time ofintervention with additional of BMI on mid time of intervention. Results: From 25 observed subjects, 23 subjects completed the program. Therewere significant reduction in BMI -1.16 kg/m2 (p<0,001), dietary intake -772,58kkal (p<0,001), and improvement of 3 components of fitness test (30 m sprint,vertical jump, and sit-up). Eleven subjects managed to reach BMI level foroverweight nutritional status. There was an increase in PAQ-C level 0.15(p=0,389). However, there was no correlation between decrease dietary intake orexercise attendance with the decrease of BMI.Conclusions: Our data demonstrate beneficial effects of a combined dietary andphysical activity intervention among 6-9 years old obese children. These resultshighlight the importance of multidisciplinary programs for the treatment of childhood obesity. |