Pedikulosis kapitis merupakan penyakit parasitik yang sering dijumpai pada orang yang hidup di lingkungan padat penghuni misalnya asrama. Terapi pedikulosis yang paling efektif adalah menggunakan pedikulosida yaitu gamma benzene heksaklorida (GBH) namun akhir-akhir ini dilaporkan resistensi Pediculus humanus capitis terhadap BHC. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas GBH dalam memberantas P.h.capitis pada santriwati pesantren di Jakarta Timur. Penelitian menggunakan desain pre post study dan pengumpulan data dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2014 dengan metode total sampling. Diagnosis ditegakkan jika pada pemeriksaan kepala ditemukan telur, larva, nimfa atau tuma dewasa. Santriwati yang positif diobati dengan losio BHC ke seluruh rambut dan dibiarkan selama 10 jam. Data diolah dengan SPSS dan diuji dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan prevalensi pedikulosis berdasarkan telur dan kutu adalah 100%; sebanyak 25,6% infeksi berat dengan telur dan 7% infeksi berat tuma P.h.capitis. Setelah terapi BHC, infeksi berat telur menurun menjadi 4,5% dan infeksi berat kutu menurun menjadi 0%. Angka kesembuhan untuk infestasi ringan kutu P.h.capitis adalah 91,7% dan infestasi ringan telur 42,2%. Tingkat keparahan pedikulosis (telur dan kutu) sebelum dan sesudah pengobatan berbeda secara signifikan (uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks p<0,001). Disimpulkan BHC masih efektif dalam mengobati pedikulosis kapitis.
Pediculosis capitis is a parasitic disease that is common in people living within a community, for instance people living dormitory. The most effective therapy for pediculosis is pediculocides known as gamma benzene hexachloride (GBH). However, resistance of pediculus humanus capitis towards GBH has been reported. This study aims to find out the effectiveness Gamma Benzene Hexachloride in controlling P.h.capitis among female students on Pesantren in Jakarta. The research uses the design of pre and post study and data collection was performed on March 2014 in Pesantren X with a method of total sampling. The diagnosis is established if parasites were found in the subject?s head, includfing eggs, larva, nymph and adult parasites. Female students with positive diagnosis was given GBH lotion throughout the hair and left for 10 hours. Data was processed with SPSS and tested with Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test. Results shows that the prevalence of pediculosis based on nits and parasite is 100%; 25.6% were severely infected with nits and 7% were severely infected with lice of P.h. capitis. After the treatment with Gamma Benzene Hexachloride, the severe infestation of nits has decreased to 4.5%, and severe infestation of lice has decreased to 0%. The cure rate for mild lice infestation is 91.7%, while only 42.2% for mild nits infestation. The severity of pediculosis (nits and lice) infestation before and after the treatment is significantly different (Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test shows p<0.001), indicating the treatment is effective in treating pediculosis capitis. |
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