ABSTRAK
Sekitar 90% bijih mangan di dunia digunakan untuk pembuatan ferromangan danferrosilicomangan sebagai material paduan dalam proses steel making. Penambahanunsur mangan dalam wujud paduan ferromangan pada proses steel making mampumeningkatkan kekerasan dan ketangguhan baja. Ferromangan diperoleh daripengolahan bijih mangan metallurgical grade dengan proses peleburan. Bijih mangankadar rendah, melalui penelitian sebelumnya oleh Hendri (2015) dan Noegroho (2016),tidak ekonomis untuk dilebur menjadi ferromangan mangan kadar rendah harus dibenefisiasi terlebih dahulu untuk meningkatkan kadarmangan dan rasio Mn/Fe dalam bijih.Bijih mangan kadar rendah pada penelitian ini merupakan bijih mangan lokal asalLampung dan Jawa Timur. Benefisiasi dilakukan menggunakan teknik gravityseparation dan reduction roasting selama 30 menit menggunakan 20% batu baradilanjutkan magnetic separation pada medan magnet ±500 gauss. Bijih mangandihaluskan ke dalam ukuran -20+40, -40+60, dan -60+80 mesh dan temperaturreduction roasting divariasikan pada 500oC, 700oC, dan 900oC. Pengujian XRD danXRF dilakukan dalam mengarakterisasi sampel awal dan hasil.Rasio Mn/Fe dan kadar mangan pada bijih asal Lampung masing-masingsebesar 0,90 dan 7,83% sementara pada bijih asal Jawa Timur masing-masing sebesar1,356 dan 18,52%. Setelah dibenefisiasi, hasil terbaik dari proses gravity separationpada bijih Lampung tercapai pada rasio Mn/Fe 0,95 dengan kadar Mn 9,4% pada89,75% recovery berat sementara pada bijih Jawa Timur diperoleh pada rasio Mn/Fe3,32 dengan kadar mangan 40,48% pada 2,09% recovery berat. Selanjutnya, hasilterbaik dari reduction roasting dilanjutkan magnetic separation pada bijih Lampungdiperoleh pada rasio Mn/Fe 1,96 dan kadar mangan 6,81% pada 36 wt% recovery,sementara pada bijih Jawa Timur, tercapai pada rasio Mn/Fe 3,99 dan kadar mangan34,31% pada 44 wt% recovery.
ABSTRACT
About 90% of manganese ore is utilized for ferromanganese andferrosilicomanganese production as alloying metal in the steel making process. Theaddition of manganese in the form of ferromanganese to the steel making process isable to increase hardness and toughness of steel. Ferromanganese is obtained from themetallurgical grade manganese ore processing through the smelting process. Low grademanganese ore, according to the previous research from Hendri (2015) and Noegroho(2016), was not economic for direct smelting to obtain ferromanganese with Mn Therefore, low grade manganese ore must be beneficiate first to enhance themanganese grade and its ratio.Low grade manganese ore in this research are a local ore from Lampung andEast Java. The steps on the beneficiation process are including gravity separation andreduction roasting for 30 minutes using 20% of coal followed by magnetic separationat the magnetic intensity of ±500 Gauss. The particle size was reduced into -20+40, -40+60, and -60+80 mesh and the temperature of reduction roasting was varied at 500oC,700oC, and 900oC. XRD and XRF testing was conducted for the characterization of oreand the sample results.Mn/Fe ratio and manganese content in Lampung ore is respectively 0.9 and7.83%, while in East Java ore is respectively 1.356 and 18.52%. After beneficiation,the best results from gravity separation of Lampung ore was obtained at 0.95 of Mn/Feratio and 9.4% of manganese content at 89.75% of weight recovery, while in East Javaore was obtained at 3.32 of Mn/Fe ratio and 40.48% of manganese content at 2.09% ofweight recovery. Then, the best results of reduction roasting followed by magneticseparation of Lampung ore was obtained at 1.96 of Mn/Fe ratio and 6.81% ofmanganese content at 36% of weight recovery, while in East Java ore was obtained at3.99 of Mn/Fe ratio and 34.31% of manganese content at 44% weight recovery. |
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