ABSTRAK
Human error merupakan salah satu sifat alami yang dimiliki oleh manusia(human nature) sehingga setiap harinya manusia pasti selalu mengalami error.Namun biasanya konsekuensi dari human error ini biasanya relatif kecil (minor)sehingga sering diabaikan. Namun pada kondisi tertentu human error dapatmenimbulkan konsekuensi yang lebih serius (major), misalnya saja ialah human erroryang terjadi pada chemical process industry, nuclear power, health care, dan tentusaja dalam penerbangan (aviation).Menurut penelitian Alabama & Northwest Florida Filght Standards DistrictOffice, tingkat kesalahan manusia (human error) pada bidang Air Traffic Controlmenduduki persenatase 90%. Selain itu banyak kasus kecelakaan penerbangan yangmenganggap Air Traffic Controller yang bersalah dan menduga sebagai penyebabkecelakaan, tidak ada kontribusi ?Pilot Error? .Desain studi dalam penelitian ini bersifat campuran (mix), di mana didalamnya dilakukan baik pendekatan kualitatif maupun kuantitatif sekaligus. Unitkajian ialah mendapatkan besaran persentase dari masing-masing jenisketidaksesuaian interaksi dalam perspektif ergonomik dan unsur human error .Pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif untuk mendapatkan kajian terkait unsur human erroryang terjadi dengan task analysis.Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa kejadian human error di bidang ATCBandar Udara Soekarno-Hatta memang cukup tinggi dengan persentase skill basederror 77,2%, perceptual error 62,3%, decision error 71,1%. Sedangkan untuk hasilketidaksesuaian faktor peralatan (mechanical failure), lingkungan (environment),psikologis (beban kerja mental) masing-masing mencapai 93,9%, 94,7% dan 91,2%.
ABSTRACT
Human error is one of nature which is owned by a man (human nature) so thatevery day human being must always be in error. But usually the consequence ofhuman error is usually relatively small (minor) so often overlooked. However, incertain conditions of human error can cause more serious consequences (major), suchis human error that occurs on the chemical process industry, nuclear power, healthcare, and of course in aviation (aviation).According to research Alabama & Northwest Florida Filght Standards DistrictOffice, the degree of human error (human error) in the field of Air Traffic Controlpersenatase 90% occupied. In addition, many aviation accident cases are consideredAir Traffic Controllers who are guilty and the suspect as the cause of the accident,there is no contribution "Pilot Error".Design studies in this research are mixed (mix), where it performed well inqualitative and quantitative approaches as well. Unit of study is getting a percentageof the amount of each type of mismatch interaction in perspective ergonomics andhuman error element. Descriptive qualitative approach to obtain relevant studyelements of human error that occurs with task analysis.The study results showed that the incidence of human error in ATC Soekarno-Hatta Airport is quite a high percentage of 77.2% skill based errors, perceptual errors62.3%, 71.1% decision error. As for the discrepancy factor of equipment (mechanicalfailure), environment (environment), psychological (mental workload) respectivelyreached 93.9%, 94.7% and 91.2%.; |
