Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami pandangan akademis terkait kondisi dan perkembangan regionalisme keamanan di Asia Tengah pasca-Perang Dingin. Literatur-literatur yang ditinjau terorganisasi dalam lima periodisasi, yakni 1991-1997, 1997-2001, 2001-2004, 2004-2011, dan 2011-2016. Sejak berakhirnya Perang Dingin, negara-negara internal kawasan harus mengelola keamanan regional secara mandiri. Regionalisme keamanan dianggap sebagai solusi yang memungkinkan atas isu-isu keamanan di kawasan tersebut. Meski demikian, para cendekiawan menganggap perkembangan regionalisme keamanan di Asia Tengah terhambat bahkan hingga saat ini. Penyebabnya berasal dari negara-negara internal dan eksternal kawasan. Di satu sisi, negara-negara internal memprioritaskan hubungan bilateral dan pemenuhan kepentingan domestik daripada integrasi regional. Di sisi lain, kuatnya kepentingan dan pengaruh aktor-aktor eksternal mdash;mulai dari Rusia, Tiongkok, Amerika Serikat, hingga beberapa organisasi multilateral mdash;semakin menghalangi penguatan regionalisme keamanan. Potensi persaingan antarnegara eksternal juga menambah kerumitan karena negara-negara internal masih akan memihak pada Rusia demi menjaga status quo kawasan dan keamanan masing-masing. Akibatnya, regionalisme keamanan cenderung semakin tersisihkan dari agenda keamanan kawasan.
This paper aims to understand the academic views regarding the condition and development of security regionalism in the post Cold War Central Asia. The reviewed literature is organized into five periodizations, which are 1991 1997, 1997 2001, 2001 2004, 2004 2011, and 2011 2016. Since the end of the Cold War, the region rsquo s internal states have to manage their regional security independently. Security regionalism was seen as a possible solution for the security issues in the region. However, scholars have perceived that the development of security regionalism in Central Asia is hindered even until now. The causes were rooted from the internal and external states. On one hand, internal states have been prioritizing on bilateral relations and the fulfillment of domestic interests instead of regional integration. On the other hand, strong influence and interests of external actors mdash namely Russia, China, United States, and some multilateral organizations mdash further impede the reinforcement of security regionalism. The likelihood of rivalries between external states also heightens the complexity because internal states will still side with Russia in order to maintain the region rsquo s status quo and their own security. As a consequence, the security regionalism gets even more sidelined from the region rsquo s security agenda. |
TA-Pdf-Lupitha Sanitya Handani.pdf :: Unduh