Undang-Undang Kesehatan Nomor 36 tahun 2009 menyatakan bahwa setiap anak berhak memperoleh imunisasi dasar sesuai dengan ketentuan untuk mencegah terjadinya penyakit yang dapat dihindari melalui imunisasi. Pemerintah juga wajib memberikan imunisasi dasar lengkap kepada setiap bayi dan anak. Pada tahun 2017, Kota Depok berstatus KLB difteri dengan 12 kasus suspect difteri dan 1 orang meninggal. Kota Depok merupakan wilayah yang berpotensi transmisi penyakit menular tinggi karena padat penduduk dan mobilitas tinggi. Imunisasi Dasar Lengkap (IDL) merupakan salah satu program dari kebijakan imunisasi yang lama dilaksanakan namun belum menemui keberhasilan yang diharapkan. Analisis implementasi ditujukan untuk melihat bagaimana pengimplementasian program imunisasi dasar lengkap di Puskesmas. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan teknik wawancara mendalam dan telaah dokumen terkait, sesuai dengan teori implementasi kebijakan Van Meter dan Van Horn berdasarkan 6 (enam) variabel.Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa standar dan sasaran kebijakan belum tercapai sepenuhnya. Sumber daya terkendala berdasarkan indikator insentif yang belum dirasakan secara optimal dalam menunjang optimalnya penyelenggaraan IDL di Puskesmas. Komunikasi antar organisasi pelaksana baik. Karakteristik pelaksana terkendala dengan keterbatasan SDM. Sikap pelaksana mendukung. Kondisi ekonomi dan politik baik, namun kondisi sosial belum mendukung. Kesimpulan didapatkan bahwa implementasi IDL di Kota Depok masih memiliki kendala di setiap variabelnya dan perlu dilakukan proses pemenuhan variabel yang kurang. Rekomendasi penelitian ini yaitu keberhasilan implementasi akan dicapai bila dilakukan perbaikan dari kekurangan, baik dari sisi standar dan sasaran, sumber daya, komunikasi antar organisasi pelaksana, karakteristik pelaksana, sikap pelaksana, dan kondisi sosial, ekonomi, politik. Hambatan program yang ada bisa diatasi dengan mengoptimalkan wewenang Puskesmas sebagai pembina wilayah.
Health Law Number 36 of 2009 states that every child deserved in basic immunization according the provisions to prevent the occurrence of diseases that can be avoided through immunization. The government is also required to provide a complete basic immunization to every baby and child. In 2017, Depok became outbreak with 12 cases suspect diphtheria and 1 person died. The city of Depok is an area with high transmission potential for communicable diseases due to high population and high mobility. Complete Basic Immunization (IDL) is one of the old immunization policy implemented but has not met the expected success. Complete Basic Immunization Program is one of the old immunization policy programs implemented but has not met the expected success. The implementation analysis is intended to see how the implementation of the complete basic immunization program at the Puskesmas. This research is a qualitative research with in- depth interview technique and related document study which using the policy implementation theory of Van Meter and Van Horn based on 6 (six) variables.The results obtained that the standard and objective have not been fully achieved. Resources are constrained by incentive indicators that have not been felt optimally in supporting the optimal implementation of complete basic immunization in Puskesmas. Inter- organizational communication is good. Characteristic of implementing agencies are constrained by human resource constraints. Disposition of implementors supported, but still found some implementers who are not orderly. Economic and political conditions are good, but social condition are not yet supportive. Conclusion found that implementation of complete basic immunization in Depok still has constraints in each variable and need to be done process of fulfillment of less variable. The recommendation of this research is the success of implementation will be achieved if the improvement of deficiency, both from the side of standard and objective, policy resources, interorganizational communication, characteristic of implementing agencies, disposition of implementors, and social, economy, political condition. Barriers to existing programs can be overcome by optimizing the Puskesmas's authority as a regional coach. |
T50233-Azizah Noormala Dewi .pdf :: Unduh