ABSTRAK
Sintesis Zeolit NaY menggunakan sumber alam alumina dan silika memiliki banyaktantangan. Berfokus pada pengurangan bahan sintetis, dalam penelitian ini, sintesis telahdilakukan menggunakan kaolin alam Bangka Belitung sebagai sumber silika danalumina. Pre-treatment pada kaolin diperlukan melalui proses aktivasi, pemurnian, dankalsinasi. Selanjutnya, zeolit NaY juga disintesis menggunakan kaolin alami sebagaisumber silika dan alumina dengan beberapa jenis benih yang dibuat dari sumber silikayang berbeda, yaitu Ludox HS40, Na-silikat, dan NaY komersil dari Wako. Semuamaterial kemudian dikarakterisasi menggunakan XRD, FTIR, dan SEM-EDX. Dapatdilihat bahwa seed dari Ludox HS40 memberikan NaY terbaik. Tapi, zeolite NaPmenjadi pengotor utama. Rasio Si/Al NaY zeolit adalah ~1.78 dengan bentuk poladifraksi mirip dengan yang ada dalam literatur. Sehingga disimpulkan, sintesis NaYmenggunakan aluminasilika alam sebagai sumber silika dan alumina cukup berhasil.Hasil uji perengkahan memperlihatkan jika katalis dengan material sintetik (HYsintetik) memiliki persen konversi, yield dan selektivitas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkandengan katalis dengan campuran bahan alam (HY MKSE dan HY SE). Namun, setiapkatalis memiliki persen yield dan selektivitas lebih tinggi terhadap produk C5dibandingkan dengan produk lainnya.
ABSTRACT
Synthesis of sodium Y zeolite (NaY Zeolite) using natural sources of alumina and silicais interesting yet challenging. Focused on reducing synthetic material, in this research,synthesis has been carried out using Bangka natural Kaolin as silica and aluminasources. Pretreatment on kaolin was needed through the process of activation,purification, and calcination. The purpose of activation process is to remove the polarimpurities, free oxides in the surface that cover up the pores, and release the water thattrapped in the pores of the materials. The purification was conducted using Na-acetatebuffer solution with ratio 1:3 (w/v). The calcination process was required because Si-Oand Al-O structures in Kaolin are inactive and inert. Synthesis of NaY zeolite wasconducted with the addition seed gel using hydrothermal method with 24 hours at thetemperature 100 oC for crystallization. Furthermore, NaY zeolites were also synthesizedusing natural kaolin as silica and alumina sources with several types of seeds made fromdifferent silica sources, i.e Ludox HS40, Na-silicate, and NaY zeolite from Wako . Allmaterials then were characterized using XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX. It can be seen thatseed from Ludox HS40 gives the best NaY. But, NaP zeolite becomes the mainimpurities. The Si/Al ratio of NaY zeolite is ~1.78 but the shape of the crystals issimilar to that in literature. To conclude, synthesis of NaY using naturalaluminasilicates as source is considerably successful. The cracking test results show ifthe catalyst with synthetic material (HY synthetic) has a higher percent conversion,yield and selectivity compared to a catalyst with a mixture of natural materials (HYMKSE and HY SE). However, each catalyst has a higher percent yield and selectivityfor C5 products compared to other products. |
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