ABSTRAK
Individu yang termasuk dalam kelompok minoritas memiliki risiko lebih tinggi untuk mengalami gejala psikotik, yang telah ditemukan terkait dengan berbagai stresor lingkungan seperti persepsi diskriminasi. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memeriksa mekanisme yang diterjemahkan status minoritas menjadi gejala psikotik melalui diskriminasi yang dirasakan dalam sampel masyarakat di Indonesia. Gejala psikotik diukur dengan Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences (CAPE), status minoritas dan persepsi diskriminasi yang diukur dengan survei NEMESIS, serta mengukur gejala depresi menggunakan Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) sebagai variabel kovariat. Analisis mediasi dilakukan untuk memverifikasi peran persepsi diskriminasi dalam memediasi hubungan antara status minoritas dan gejala psikotik. Diskriminasi yang dirasakan ditemukan sepenuhnya memediasi hubungan antara status minoritas dan gejala psikotik positif (ab = 0,57, 95% CI [0,10, 1,05]) tetapi tidak ada efek mediasi dalam gejala psikotik negatif (ab = -0,11, 95% CI [-0,40, 0,17]). Disimpulkan bahwa status minoritas yang dipegang oleh individu meningkatkan persepsi diskriminasi, yang pada gilirannya diterjemahkan menjadi gejala psikotik positif yang lebih tinggi yang dilaporkan. Implikasi dan diskusi mengenai penelitian akan dibahas lebih lanjut dalam artikel.
ABSTRACT
Individuals belonging to a minority group have a higher risk of experiencing psychotic symptoms, which have been found to be associated with various environmental stressors such as discrimination perception. This article aims to examine the mechanism that translates minority status into psychotic symptoms through perceived discrimination in a community sample in Indonesia. Psychotic symptoms were measured by Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences (CAPE), minority status and discrimination perceptions as measured by the NEMESIS survey, as well as measuring depressive symptoms using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) as covariate variables. Mediation analysis was carried out to verify the role of perception of discrimination in mediating the relationship between minority status and psychotic symptoms. Perceived discrimination was found to fully mediate the relationship between minority status and positive psychotic symptoms (ab = 0.57, 95% CI [0.10, 1.05]) but there was no mediating effect in negative psychotic symptoms (ab = -0.11 , 95% CI [-0.40, 0.17]). It was concluded that the minority status held by individuals increased the perception of discrimination, which in turn translated into higher positive psychotic symptoms that were reported. Implications and discussion regarding research will be discussed further in the article. |
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