Latar belakang: Deteksi dini keterlambatan perkembangan anak merupakan hal yang penting untuk membangun anak Indonesia yang cerdas dan berkualitas. Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) merupakan kuesioner berdasarkan laporan orangtua atau pengasuh untuk mendeteksi keterlambatan perkembangan anak usia 1 bulan sampai 66 bulan yang terstandarisasi dan mudah digunakan, namun belum pernah dilakukan uji kesahihan dan keandalan terhadap kuesioner ini dalam bahasa Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui kesahihan interna dan keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia sebagai alat penapisan keterlambatan perkembangan anak usia kurang dari 1 tahun. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang uji kesahihan interna dan keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 kelompok umur 2 bulan, 4 bulan, 6 bulan, 8 bulan, 9 bulan, 10 bulan dan 12 bulan, dilakukan pada orangtua yang memiliki anak usia 1-12 bulan baik yang sehat maupun berisiko keterlambatan perkembangan, di Kelurahan Kampung Melayu dan Kelurahan Cipinang Muara, Kecamatan Jatinegara, Jakarta Timur. Penelitian dibagi 2 tahap. Tahap pertama (April-Juni 2018) merupakan tahapan adaptasi transkultural kuesioner ASQ-3 dari bahasa Inggris ke bahasa Indonesia. Tahap kedua (Juli-September 2018) merupakan uji kesahihan dan keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia, 35 anak setiap kelompok umur, menggunakan metode cluster sampling. Uji kesahihan konstruksi dianalisis menggunakan Pearson Correlation dan sahih jika nilai rho (r)> 0,3. Uji keandalan dinilai uji konsistensi internal yang dianalisis dengan menggunakan Alpha Cronbach's coefficient dan keandalan baik jika Cronbach's α minimum 0,6. Hasil: Keandalan kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia pada ketujuh kelompok umur menunjukkan keandalan baik hingga sangat baik (0,60-0,80). Untuk korelasi tiap butir pertanyaan per-domain umumnya menunjukkan kesahihan baik dengan nilai r > 0,3. Kesimpulan: Kuesioner ASQ-3 bahasa Indonesia terbukti sahih dan andal dipergunakan sebagai alat uji tapis keterlambatan perkembangan anak usia 1-12 bulan.
Background: Early detection of development delayed is essential to the welfare an Indonesian children. Ages and Stages Questionnaires-Third Edition (ASQ-3) is a parentcompleted questionnaire, a general developmental screeening tool in 1 to 66 months old children, that are standardized and ease-to-use, but there has never been a validity and reliability test for these questionnaires in Indonesian language. Aim: To provide the internal validity and reliability of the Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires as a screening tool for identifcation developmental delayed of children less than 1 year old. Methods: Cross sectional study of internal validity test and reliability of ASQ-3 questionnaires in the age group of 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, 8 months, 9 months, 10 months and 12 months, conducted on parents who have children aged 1-12 months, either healthy or high risk for developmental delays, in Kampung Melayu and Cipinang Muara, Jatinegara, East Jakarta. Study is divided into 2 phases. The first phase (April-June 2018) is the stage of transcultural adaptation of the ASQ-3 questionnaires from English to Indonesian language. The second phase (July-September 2018) is the validity and reliability test of Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires, with 35 children in each age group by cluster sampling methods. The validity test of the construction was analyzed using Pearson Correlation and valid if the value of rho (r) > 0.3. Reliability tests were assessed as internal consistency tests analyzed using Alpha Cronbach's coefficient and reliability is good if Cronbach's α minimum was 0.6. Results: The reliability of the seven age groups of the Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires showed good to very good reliability (0,60-0,80). Correlation of each question perdomain generally showed good validity with a value of r > 0.3. Conclusion: The Indonesian ASQ-3 questionnaires proven to be valid and reliable tool as a screening test for developmental delayed of children aged 1-12 months. |
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