Mortalitas anak dengan sepsis masih tinggi dengan penyebab yang belum banyak diketahui patofisiologinya. Kerusakan lapisan glikokaliks pada permukaan endotel pembuluh darah dapat menyebabkan peningkatan permeabilitas pembuluh darah yang mengakibatkan syok sepsis dan disfungsi organ pada pasien sepsis. Peningkatan kadar syndecan-1 dalam darah merupakan salah satu penanda kerusakan lapisan glikokaliks. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar syndecan-1 dengan disfungsi organ yang dinilai dengan skor PELOD-2 dan mortalitas 28 hari pada pasien anak dengan sepsis. Hubungan kadar syndecan-1 dengan skor PELOD-2 merupakan studi potong lintang, sementara hubungan syndecan-1 dengan mortalitas merupakan studi prospektif. Penelitian dilakukan pada 55 anak berusia 1 bulan-<18 tahun dengan sepsis yang dirawat di RSCM pada bulan Maret-Agustus 2019 dengan cara consecutive sampling. Evaluasi syndecan-1 dan skor PELOD-2 dilakukan pada hari pertama dan kelima setelah diagnosis sepsis. Pasien diikuti selama 28 hari untuk evaluasi mortalitas. Didapatkan peningkatan syndecan-1 pada seluruh pasien sepsisdengan peningkatan yang lebih tinggi pada pasien dengan syok sepsis (p=0,01). Terdapat korelasi positifantara kadar syndecan-1 dengan skor PELOD-2 pada 24 jam pertama setelah diagnosis sepsis dengan koefisien korelasi 0,32 (p=0,01). Terdapat korelasi positif antara perubahan kadar syndecan-1 dengan perubahan skor PELOD-2 dengan koefisien korelasi 0,469 (p=0,002). Tidak didapatkan hubungan antara kadar syndecan-1 dengan skor PELOD-2 pada hari kelima (p=0,6). Peningkatan kadar syndecan-1 didapatkan tidak berhubungan dengan mortalitas 28 hari (p=0,49).Nilai titik potongsyndecan-1 ≥688 ng/mLpada hari pertama dapat memprediksi skor PELOD-2 ≥8 dengan AUC 73,8%, sensitivitas 67%, spesifisitas 77%, NDP 44,4%, dan NDN 89,2% (p=0,012).
Sepsis still contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality inpediatric patients. Disruption of glycocalyx layer on vascular endothelium has been described as one of the main pathophysiological events that leads to increased vascular permeability, contributing to organ failure and septic shock. The role of glycocalyx disruption in pediatric sepsis has not been widely studied. Increased syndecan level in blood marks disruption of glycocalyx integrity. This study was aimed to analyze the correlation ofserum syndecan-1 with organ dysfunction assessed by PELOD-2 score, and to evaluate its association with mortality in pediatric sepsis. Correlation of syndecan-1 and PELOD-2 score was a cross sectional study, while association of syndecan-1 with mortality was a prospective study. The study was conducted in pediatric intensive care unit, emergency unit, and pediatric ward of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, on March-August 2019. The subjects were 55 patients aged 1-month to 18-year-old with sepsis that fulfilled the inclusion criteria consecutively. Serum syndecan-1 level and PELOD-2 score were evaluated on day 1 and 5 after diagnosis of sepsis. Survival was assessed after 28 days. There was increased level of syndecan-1 in all subjects, with significantly higher level found in patients with septic shock (p=0,01). There was positive correlation of syndecan-1 with PELOD-2 score in the first 24 hours after diagnosis of sepsis with correlation coefficient of 0.32 (p=0.01). Changes in syndecan-1 level within 5 days positively correlated with changes of PELOD-2 score with correlation coefficient of 0.469 (p=0.002). Syndecan-1 level and PELOD-2 score on day 5 was not significantly correlated (p=0.6). There was no association of increased syndecan-1 level with mortality in 28 days (p=0.49). Cut-off point of syndecan-1 ≥688 ng/mL in the first 24 hours can predictsignificant organ dysfunction (PELOD-2 score of ≥8) with AUC of 73.8%, sensitivity 67%,specificity 77%, positive predictive value 44.4%, and negative predictive value 89.2% (p=0.012). |
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