Penelitian mengenai adaptasi anatomi daun dan karakter rizom pada lima spesies paku epifit famili Polypodiaceae di beberapa wilayah Universitas Indonesia telah dilakukan. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi adaptasi pada paku epifit terhadap lingkungan kering. Spesies yang digunakan adalah Pyrrosia piloselloides, Pyrrosia lanceolata, Platycerium bifurcatum, Drynaria sparsisora, dan Phymatosorus scolopendria. Masing-masing spesies diamati bentuk epidermis, bentuk stomata, posisi stomata, bentuk trikom sebagai data kualitatif. Ketebalan kutikula, ketebalan epidermis, ketebalan mesofil, ketebalan daun, luas berkas pembuluh angkut, luas stomata serta kerapatan stomata, luas permukaan melintang rizom, dan kapasitas kandungan air sebagai data kuantitatif. Daun pada lima spesies disayat dengan metode sayatan segar. Rizom dipotong secara melintang, difoto, kemudian diukur dengan aplikasi ImageJ. Berat turgid dan berat kering daun diukur untuk mendapatkan kapasitas kandungan air daun. Hasil menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan adaptasi anatomi dan karakter rizom. Spesies Pyrrosia piloselloides dan P. lanceolata memiliki anatomi daun yang menyerupai daun tumbuhan succulent dengan memiliki kapasitas kandungan air yang tinggi yaitu, 0,149 dan 0,133. Drynaria sparsisora memiliki anatomi ketebalan daun yang tipis 2,6 x 102 μm, kerapatan stomata yang tinggi 51,33/mm2, serta rizom yang luas dengan nilai rerata 3,43 x 102 mm2. Platycerium bifurcatum memiliki anatomi daun relatif tebal dengan nilai rerata 1,23 x 103 μm, dan pembuluh angkut primer reliatif sempit dengan nilai rerata 2,63 x 104 μm. Phymatosorus scolopendria memiliki luas stomata besar 1,97 x 103 μm2 dan rizom relatif tebal.
The research regarding anatomical adaptation of leaf and rhizome charactristics of five epiphytic fern species of Polypodiaceae family in several areas of Universitas Indonesia has been carried out. This research was aimed to knowing epiphytic ferns strategies against dry environment. Five species used in these research are Pyrrosia piloselloides, Pyrrosia lanceolata, Platycerium bifurcatum, Drynaria sparsisora,dan Phymatosorus scolopendria. The epidermal shape, stomatal shape, and type of trichome was observed as the qualitative data. Quantitative data includes cuticle thickness, epidermal thickness, mesophyll thickness, leaf thickness, vascular bundle area, stomatal area, stomatal frequency, and rhizome surface area. The leaves of five species was cut using fresh slice method. Rhizome was cut in cross section and photographed. Visual measurements of leaf and rhizome were measured using Image J. Turgid and dry weight of leaf was collected to measure leaf water capacity. The results show there were differences in the anatomical adaptation and rhizome character. In the species Pyrrosia piloselloides and P. lanceolata have leaf anatomy that resembles the leaves of succulent plants with higher leaf water capacity, 0.149 dan 0.133. Drynaria sparsisora has a thin leaf anatomy with mean value of 2.6 x 102 μm, high stomata density with mean value of 51.33/mm2 and broad rhizome with mean value of 3.43 x 102 mm2. Platycerium bifurcatum has a relatively thick leaf anatomy with mean value of 1.23 x 103 μm, and a narrow primary vascular bundle with mean value of 2.63 x 104 μm. Phymatosorus scolopendria has a large stomata area mean value of 1.97 x 103 μm2 and rhizomes is relatively thick. |
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