Pada tahun 2015 WHO melaporakan didapatkan 64% negara Asia Tenggara antibiotik dibeli tanpa resep. Dampak buruk bagi kesehatan apabila penggunaan antibiotik secara tidak rasional adalah resistensi antibiotik, meningkatnya biaya perawatan, dan peningkatan angka kematian. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pola dan kerasionalan peresepan antibiotik di dua puskesmas terakreditasi dasar Kota Depok Januari-Maret 2020. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan adalah seluruh resep antibiotik yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi pada Januari-Maret 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola peresepan antibiotik berdasarkan jenisnya yang paling banyak digunakan adalah kotrimoksazol (37%) di Puskesmas Limo dan amoksisilin (90.3%) di Puskemas Pancoran Mas. Berdasarkan jenis penyakitnya, antibiotik banyak diresepkan pada penyakit faringitis akut (34.4%) di Puskesmas Limo dan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut atas non-spesifik (38%) di Puskesmas Pancoran Mas. Ketidakrasionalan peresepan antibiotik pada Puskesmas Limo yaitu tidak tepat pemilihan antibiotik sebanyak 94 resep (24.5%), tidak tepat dosis sebanyak 65 resep (16.9%), tidak tepat frekuensi pemberian sebanyak 84 resep (21.9%), dan tidak tepat duasi pemberian sebanyak 265 resep (69%). Sedangkan ketidakrasionalan peresepan antibiotik pada Puskesmas Pancoran Mas yaitu tidak tepat pemilihan antibiotik sebanyak 49 resep (12.8%), tidak tepat dosis sebanyak 26 resep (6.8%), tidak tepat frekuensi pemberian sebanyak 27 resep (7%), dan tidak tepat durasi pemberian sebanyak 316 resep (82.3%). Diperoleh nilai signifikansi ketidakrasionalan peresepan antibiotik berdasarkan 4 kriteria penilaian yaitu 0.000, sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan kualitas peresepan antibiotik pada dua puskesmas terakreditasi dasar Kota Depok periode Januari-Maret Tahun 2020.
In 2015, WHO reported that in 64% of Southeast Asia countries antibiotic were available without prescription. The adverse effects on irrational use of antibiotics on health was antibiotic resistance, increased of treatment costs, and increased of mortality. The purpose of this research was to analyze the pattern and the rationality of antibiotic prescribing in two basic accredited Public Health Center in Depok City January-March 2020. The design used in this research was cross-sectional. The sample used was all antibiotic prescriptions that met the inclusion criteria in January-March 2020. Results of the study showed the most antibiotic used were cotrimoxazole (37%) at Limo Public Health Center and amoxicillin (90.3%) at Pancoran Mas Public Health Center. Based on the type of disease, antibiotics were often prescribed in acute pharyngitis (34.4%) at Limo Public Health Center and acute upper respiratory infections non-specific (38%) at Pancoran Mas Public Health Center. Irrational prescription at the Limo Public Health Center found were 94 prescriptions (24.5%) in the selection of antibiotics, 65 prescriptions (16.9%) in the correct dosage, 84 prescriptions (21.9%) in frequency of antibiotic administration, and 265 prescriptions (69%) in the duration of antibiotic administration. Irrational prescription at Pancoran Mas Public Public Health Center found were 49 prescriptions (12,8%) in the antibiotic selection, 26 prescriptions (6.8%) in the correct dosage, 27 prescriptions (7%) in the frequency of antibiotic administration, and 316 prescriptions (82.3%) in the duration of antibiotic administration. The significant value of the irrational prescription of antibiotics was obtained based on 4 assessment criteria is 0.000, so it can be concluded that there are differences in the quality of antibiotic prescribing in two basic accredited public health center in the City of Depok January-March 2020. |
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