Ketimpangan pendapatan masih menjadi permasalahan yang menimpa negara-negara di Dunia termasuk Indonesia. Peran masyarakat melalui perilaku altruistis material dan nonmaterial dibuktikan oleh penelitian sebelumnya, berdampak baik langsung maupun tidak langsung terhadap redistribusi pendapatan. Sebagai bangsa yang menganut prinsip gotong royong dan tinggi angka donasi sosial, Indonesia memiliki modal penting untuk mengurangi angka ketimpangan pendapatan, dengan penguatan pemberdayaan komunitas masyarakat melalui peningkatan perilaku altruistis material dan nonmaterial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dampak dari perilaku altruistis material dalam bentuk donasi dan altruistis nonmaterial dalam bentuk perilaku kesukarelawanan terhadap pendapatan, kebahagiaan (subjective well-being) dan ketercukupan hidup (standard of living). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan model regresi Two Step Least Square (2SLS) dan ordered logistic. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 8.717 responden yang diambil dari data Survei Aspek Kehidupan Rumah Tangga Indonesia (IFLS) gelombang 5. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku altruistis material berupa donasi sosial berdampak positif terhadap pendapatan, kebahagiaan (subjective well-being) dan ketercukupan hidup (standard of living) individu. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa perilaku altruistis nonmaterial berupa perilaku kesukarelawanan berdampak negatif terhadap pendapatan individu namun berdampak positif pada kebahagiaan (subjective well-being) dan ketercukupan hidup (standard of living) individu. Variabel lain yang ikut mempengaruhi pendapatan secara signifikan adalah religiositas, pendidikan, geografi, tempat tinggal, usia, jenis kelamin, dan proporsi jumlah yang bekerja dalam suau keluarga.
Income inequality is still a problem that befalls countries in the world, including Indonesia. The role of society through material and nonmaterial altruistic behavior has been proven by previous research, which has a direct or indirect impact on income redistribution. As a nation that adheres to the principle of mutual cooperation and a high rate of social donations, Indonesia has important assets to reduce income inequality, by strengthening community empowerment through increasing material and non-material altruistic behavior. The focus of this study is to estimate whether doing charitable giving in the form of monetary giving and doing volunteering time influences one’s income, subjective well-being and standard of living, in the same time, which is expected to be rise and in adequate level. Using variable of social fund given and how much time to volunteering in 2014, to variable of income, subjective well-being and standard of living in the same wafe. This study uses quantitative method approach particularly two – step least square (2SLS) and ordered logistic regression method with total sample of 8,717 observations which was taken from Indonesian Family Life Survey data 5th wave. The result shows that altruistic behavior significantly have positive impact to income, subjective well – being and standard of living, although voluntary time have a negative impact to income in the same time and have a positive impact to subjective well – being and standard of living. Other variables also affect future income significantly are religiosity, education, region of living, age, gender, and the total proportion of individuals working in a household. |
S-Pdf-Abdul Muhyil Hikam Ladiku.pdf :: Unduh