Kekurangan gizi pada balita terutama pada dua tahun pertama kehidupan masih merupakan salah satu permasalahan kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia. Selain kekurangan gizi berdasarkan indikator tunggal BB/U, TB/U, BB/TB, balita juga berisiko mengalami permasalahan kurang gizi kombinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran status gizi balita umur 6-23 bulan berdasarkan indikator antropometri tunggal dan CIAF serta mengetahui hubungan antara status ASI eksklusif (inisiasi menyusui dini, ASI eksklusif), status MP ASI (inisiasi MP ASI, keragaman konsumsi makanan, protein hewani), penyakit infeksi (diare, ISPA, TB paru), tinggi badan ibu, status BBLR dan faktor dominan terhadap status gizi balita umur 6-23 bulan berdasarkan CIAF. Penelitian ini merupakan studi cross sectional menggunakan data sekunder Riskesdas 2018 dengan jumlah sampel 12.366 balita umur 6-23 bulan di Indonesia. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji chi square dan analisis multivariat dilakukan dengan uji regresi logistik dengan nilai signifikansi (p value< 0,05). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat 42,4% balita yang mengalami kurang gizi berdasarkan indikator CIAF. ASI eksklusif, inisiasi MP ASI, tinggi badan ibu, dan status BBLR berhubungan signifikan dengan status gizi berdasarkan CIAF dan status BBLR merupakan faktor dominan. Balita yang dilahirkan dalam kondisi BBLR berisiko mengalami kurang gizi sebesar 2,17 kali (95%CI: 1,869-2,524) dibandingkan balita yang dilahirkan normal. Diperlukan peningkatan edukasi gizi melalui kolaborasi dengan kegiatan kemasyarakatan sehingga dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran gizi pada masyarakat dan mencegah terjadinya permasalahan gizi.
Undernutrition in children under five especially the first two years of life was still one of public health problem in Indonesia. Besides undernutrition according to single indicator WAZ, HAZ, and WHZ, children might be risk of combination undernutrition problem. Until the first two years of life, children were in important periode of growing and developing. The aim of this study was to know nutrition status of children 6-23 months of age using a single indicator of anthropometry and CIAF, besides determining the relationship between exclusive breastfeeding status (initiation of early breastfeeding, exclusive breastfeeding), complementary feeding status (initiation of complementary feeding, dietary diversity, animal protein), infectious diseases (diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, pulmonary tuberculosis), maternal height, low birth weight status and the dominant factor of nutrition status in children 6-23 months of age using CIAF. This was crosssectional study using secondary datas on 12.366 children from Indonesia Basic Health Research 2018. Data analysis used chi square for bivariat and logistic regression for multivariate with significance value (p value < 0,05). The results of this study showed 42,4% children 6-23 months were undernutrition by using CIAF. Exclusive breastfeeding, initiation of complementary feeding, maternal height, and low birth weight status were significantly related to undernutrition based on CIAF with low birth weight status as the dominant factor. Children 6-23 months of age had 2.17 times risk (95% CI: 1.869-2.524) of undernutrition compared to children who were born normally. Increasing nutrition education was required by collaborating with public activities so that it would be able to increase nutrition knowledge and awareness moreover to prevent undernutrition. |
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