Latar Belakang: Prevalensi diabetes melitus (DM) di Indonesia tinggi. Salah satu jenisterapi yang sering digunakan yakni inhibitor α-glukosidase. Akibat efek samping yangditimbulkan obat sintetik dan sumber daya yang terbatas, berbagai studi menemukantanaman herbal memiliki berbagai senyawa bioaktif dan aktivitas inhibisi α-glukosidaseagar menjadi obat alternatif DM. Salah satunya ialah makroalgae atau rumput laut. Diperairan Indonesia bagian timur terdapat alga hijau Bornetella oligospora yangberlimpah.Tujuan: Menguji aktivitas inhibisi α-glukosidase dan senyawa fitokimia yangterkandung pada ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol Bornetella oligospora.Metode: Dilakukan uji fitokimia terhadap saponin, flavonoid, tanin, glikosida,triterpenoid, steroid, dan alkaloid; uji kromatografi lapis tipis; dan uji in vitro inhibisi α-glukosidase pada ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol Bornetella oligosporaHasil: Ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol Bornetella oligospora mengandung flavonoid,glikosida, triterpenoid, dan steroid. Uji kromatografi lapis tipis ekstrak etanolmenunjukkan lima titik dengan Rf 0,545, 0,527, 0,5, 0,473, dan 0,154, sedangkan padaekstrak etil asetat ditemukan dua titik dengan Rf 0,58 dan 0,64. Uji inhibisi α-glukosidase menunjukkan nilai IC50 ekstrak etanol 11,702 ppm dan ekstrak etil asetat95,384 ppm.Diskusi: Ekstrak etil asetat dan etanol Bornetella oligospora memiliki aktivitas inhibisiα-glukosidase, meskipun tidak sebaik akarbosa. Kandungan fitokimia yang terkandungpada ekstrak juga memiliki efek antidiabetes.Kesimpulan: Ekstrak Bornetella oligospora berpotensi menjadi agen antidiabetes
Background: Indonesia has a high prevalence of diabetes mellitus. One of the first linetheraphy of diabetes mellitus is α-glucosidase inhibitors. Due to its side effects causedby syntethic drugs and limited sources, various studies have found that many herbalplants consist of bioactive compounds and exhibit α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Oneof which are macroalgae or seaweed. In the eastern Indonesian ocean, there is anabundant green algae called Bornetella oligospora.Objective: To examine the inhibitory activity of α-glucosidase and phytochemicalcompounds in ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of Bornetella oligospora.Methods: A phytochemical tests on saponins, flavonoids, tannins, glycosides,triterpenoids, steroids, and alkaloids; thin layer chromatography test; and α-glucosidaseinhibition assay was carried out on ethyl acetate and ethanol extract of Bornetellaoligospora.Results: The phytochemical components of ethanol and ethyl acetate extract ofBornetella oligospora are flavonoids, glycosides, triterpenoids, and steroids. The thinlayer chromatography test showed ethanol extract have five spots with Rf 0,545, 0,527,0,5, 0,473, and 0,154, while the ethyl acetate extract has two spots with Rf 0.58 and0.64. The α-glucosidase inhibition assay showed IC50 values of the ethanol extract was11,702 ppm and ethyl acetate extract was 95,384 ppm.Discussion: Both ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of Bornetella oligospora showed α-glucosidase inhibitory activity, although they are not as good as acarbose. Thephytochemical content of the extract also has an antidiabetic effect.Conclusion: Bornetella oligospora extract has the potential to be an antidiabetic agent |
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