Salah satu gagalnya program ASI Eksklusif adalah pemberian makanan prelakteal sebelum ASI keluar dalam 1-3 hari. Prelakteal masih menjadi masalah malnutrisi di dunia, di Vietnam 9,3% anak usia di bawah 5 tahun mengalami stunting, dan 17,5% nya underweight dengan 1 dari 3 bayi tidak diberi ASI dalam 1 jam kelahiran, dan diberikan makanan prelakteal. Angka pemberian makanan prelakteal di Indonesia cukup tinggi, 95% bayi mendapatkan ASI namun 44% nya mendapatkan makanan prelakteal (SDKI 2017). Penelitian bertujuan melihat faktor-faktor yang berhubungan terhadap pemberian makanan prelakteal pada bayi usia 0–23 bulan di Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan data SDKI 2017 dengan rancangan studi potong lintang. Sampel penelitian yaitu ibu yang memiliki bayi usia 0-23 bulan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi berjumlah 6425. Data dianalisis secara univariat, dan bivariat. Presentase ibu yang memberikan prelakteal 45,7%, dan 54,3% lainnya tidak. Sebagian besar ibu melakukan IMD secara segera yaitu 58,2%, 56,7% ibu memiliki tingkat pendidikan menengah, 47,1% ibu memiliki status ekonomi bawah, 51,4% ibu tinggal di pedesaan, 54,0% ibu tidak bekerja, 88,4% ibu melakukan pemeriksaan antenatal lebih dari 4 kali, 76,6% ibu melahirkan ditolong petugas kesehatan, 78,1% melahirkan di fasilitas layananan kesehatan, 81,9% ibu melahirkn secara pervaginam, dan 68,3% ibu sudah melahirkan lebih dari 1 anak. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara IMD, tingkat pendidikan ibu, status ekonomi ibu, jenis persalinan, dan jumlah anak terhadap perilaku pemberian makanan prelakteal pada bayi usia 0-23 bulan di Indonesia.
One of the failures of the exclusive breastfeeding program is prelacteal feeding before the milk comes out in 1-3 days. Prelacteal is still a problem of malnutrition in the world, in Vietnam 9.3% of children under 5 years of age are stunted, and 17.5% are underweight with 1 in 3 babies not breastfed within 1 hour of birth, and given prelacteal food. The prelacteal feeding rate in Indonesia is quite high, 95% of babies get breast milk but 44% of them get prelacteal food (2017 IDHS). The aim of this study was to look at the factors related to prelacteal feeding in infants aged 0–23 months in Indonesia. The study used the 2017 IDHS data with a cross-sectional study design. The sample of this research is mothers who have babies aged 0-23 months who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria (n=6425). Data were analyzed by univariate and bivariate. The percentage of mothers who gave prelacteal was 45.7%, and 54.3% did not. Most of the mothers did breastfeed immediately (58.2%), 56.7% of mothers had secondary education, 47.1% of mothers had lower economic status, 51.4% of mothers lived in rural areas, 54.0% of mothers were not working, 88.4% of mothers did antenatal care more than 4 times, 76.6% of mothers gave birth assisted by health workers, 78.1% gave birth in health care facilities, 81.9% of mothers gave birth vaginally, and 68.3% of mothers had given birth more than 1 child. There is a significant association between early breastfeeding, mother's education level, mother's economic status, type of delivery, and number of children with prelacteal feeding practices in infants aged 0-23 months in Indonesia. |
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