Situasi akibat pandemi COVID-19 yang tidak menentu membuat siswa harus bisa beradaptasi dengan kondisi yang ada. Adaptasi kebiasaan baru adalah cara agar siswa dapat beraktivitas dengan menaati perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 seperti memakai masker, mencuci tangan, menjaga jarak, dan menerapkan etika batuk dan bersin untuk meminimalisir penularan virus. Perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 dapat dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, salah satunya pengetahuan dan sikap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap terhadap perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 pada siswa SMA selama adaptasi kebiasaan baru. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional yang melibatkan 525 siswa berusia 15-19 tahun. Kuesioner yang digunakan adalah kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku yang diterjemahkan oleh peneliti ke dalam Bahasa Indonesia agar mudah dipahami siswa. Kuesioner yang digunakan telah diuji validitas dan reliabilitasnya kepada 100 siswa, hasilnya dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Nilai r hitung kuesioner pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku secara berturut-turut berkisar antara 0,222 – 0,905; 0,348 – 0,748; 0,882 – 0,903 sehingga r hitung > r tabel (0,195) dengan Alpha Cronbach yang diperoleh berturut-turut 0,756; 0,731; 0,894. Hasil uji bivariat spearman correlation menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku pencegahan COVID-19 pada siswa dengan kekuatan hubungan yang lemah (p=0,001;α=0,05). Perawat dapat memberikan intervensi berupa edukasi kesehatan dalam rangka meningkatkan pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku siswa sehingga siswa mampu beradaptasi dengan menerapkan pencegahan COVID-19.
The uncertain situation due to the COVID-19 pandemic has forced students to be able adapt to existing conditions. Adapting new habits is a way for students to do activities by complying with COVID-19 prevention behaviors such as wearing masks, washing hands, maintaining distance, and applying coughing and sneezing etiquette. It is important to take preventive measures against COVID-19 to minimize the transmission of the virus. COVID-19 prevention behaviour can be influenced by several factors, one of which is knowledge and attitude. This study aims to identify the relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 prevention behavior in high school students during the adaptation of new habits. This study used a descriptive analytic approach with a cross sectional design involving 525 students aged 15-19 years. The questionnaire used was a knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaire which was translated by the researcher into Indonesian so that it was easy for students to understand. The questionnaire used has been tested for validity and reliability to 100 students, the results are declared valid and reliable. The calculated r value of the knowledge, attitude, and behavior questionnaires ranged from 0.222 to 0.905, respectively; 0.348 – 0.748; 0.882 – 0.903 so that r count > r table (0.195) with Cronbach's Alpha obtained respectively 0.756; 0.731; 0.894. The results of the bivariate Spearman correlation test showed a significant relationship between knowledge and attitudes with COVID-19 prevention behavior in students with a weak relationship strength (p=0.001*;α=0.05). Nurses can provide interventions in the form of health education in order to improve students' knowledge, attitudes, and behavior so that students are able to adapt to implementing COVID-19 prevention. |
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