Pengelolaan obat di puskesmas perlu dilakukan dengan efektif dan efisien untuk mencegah kerugian karena umunya anggaran untuk pengadaan obat daerah di Indonesia sebesar 40% dari total anggaran biaya kesehatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesesuaian seluruh tahap pengelolaan obat. Desain yang digunakan pada penelitian ini yaitu observasional dengan pendekatan secara deskriptif-evaluatif menggunakan indikator mutu pengelolaan obat yang tersandar. Indikator terdiri atas tahap seleksi, perencanaan, permintaan dan penerimaan, penyimpanan, pendistribusian, pengendalian, pencatatan dan pelaporan, serta pemantauan dan evaluasi. Subyek penelitian ini yaitu Puskesmas X. Data diambil secara retrospective berupa penelusuran dokumen pengelolaan obat tahun 2021 dan concurrent berupa observasi dan wawancara. Analisis data dilakukan dengan membandingkan hasil penilaian indikator terhadap standar literatur terbaru oleh Satibi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 26 indikator terdapat 8 indikator yang sesuai dan 18 indikator yang belum sesuai. Indikator pengelolaan obat yang belum memenuhi standar yaitu usulan obat ke formularium (tidak), kesesuaian item dengan fornas (68,52%), kesesuaian item dengan pola penyakit (81,82%), ketepatan item perencanaan (110,96%), ketepatan jumlah perencanaan (320,00%), kesesuaian jumlah permintaan (59,56%), kesesuaian item penerimaan (70,73%), kesesuaian jumlah penerimaan (15,52%), penyimpanan sesuai bentuk sediaan (86,28%), penyimpanan sesuai suhu (93,19%), penyimpanan narkotika (97,61%), penyimpanan sesuai FEFO (91,90%), penyimpanan high alert (63,13%), penyimpanan LASA (11,44%), ITOR (4,26 kali/tahun), item stok aman (77,16%), item stok berlebih (22,84%), obat tidak diresepkan (45,68%), nilai obat kedaluwarsa (2,18%), dan kesesuaian jumlah fisik obat (96,63%).
Drug management in needs to be carried out effectively and efficiently to prevent losses because generally the budget for regional drug procurement in Indonesia is 40% of the total health budget budget. This study aims to analyze the accuracy of all stages of drug management. The design used in this study is observational with a descriptive-evaluative approach using standardized drug management quality indicators. The indicators consist of the stages of selection, planning, request and acceptance, storage, distribution, control, recording and reporting, as well as monitoring and evaluation. The subject of this research is X Health Center. The data were taken retrospectively in the form of searching for drug management documents in 2021 and concurrently in the form of observations and interviews. Data analysis was carried out by comparing the results of the indicator assessment against the latest literature standards by Satibi. The results showed that of the 26 indicators, 8 indicators were appropriate and 18 indicators that were not. Indicators of drug management that do not meet the standards are drug proposals to the formulary (no), suitability of items with Formularium Nasional (68.52%), suitability of items with disease patterns (81.82%), accuracy of planning items (110.96%), accuracy of planning amount (320.00%), suitability of the number of requests (59.56%), suitability of receiving items (70.73%), suitability of the number of receipts (15.52%), storage according to dosage form (86.28%), storage according to temperature (93.19%), storage of narcotics according to regulations ( 97.61%), storage according to FEFO system (91.90%), suitability of high alert storage (63.13%), suitability of LASA storage (11.44%), ITOR (4,26 times/year), safe stock items (77.16%), excess stock items (22.84%), non-prescribed drugs (45.68%), expired drug value (2.18%), and the suitability of the physical amount of the drug (96.63%). |
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