Persentasi populasi lansia Indonesia kian meningkat dari waktu ke waktu memunculkan tantangan serta dampak sosial-ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan kebijakan yang sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan hak-hak lansia. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan proses kebijakan Kartu Lansia Jakarta keterkaitannya dengan pemenuhan kebutuhan dasar lansia dan ageism. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan metode kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan selama bulan Juni 2022 melalui wawancara mendalam dengan 9 (sembilan) informan. Pemilihan informan dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses kebijakan Kartu Lansia Jakarta didasarkan pada adanya peningkatan populasi penduduk lanjut usia di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dan melaksanakan amanat Peraturan Gubernur Nomor 100 Tahun 2019 tentang Pemberian Bantuan Sosial PKD terhadap Lanjut Usia. KLJ ini diformulasikan dengan melakukan koordinasi dengan pihak terkait, seperti Dinas Sosial, Bappeda, BPKD, DPRD serta Bupati/Walikota, Camat dan Lurah, dan Bank DKI. Sosialisasi KLJ dilakukan melalui media online, pendamping sosial, penyuluh sosial dan juga RT/RW. Implementasi kebijakan KLJ ini dinilai sudah tepat sasaran, dengan melakukan verifikasi dan musyawarah kelurahan untuk menentukan penerima KLJ. Tanggapan terhadap KLJ juga mendapat respon positif karena dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar lansia, seperti kebutuhan fisiologis, kebutuhan perlindungan dan kebutuhan sosial lansia. Namun, KLJ belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan lansia atas penghargaan dan kebutuhan aktualisasi. Belum terpenuhinya kebutuhan tersebut ternyata berkaitan dengan adanya ageism pada proses kebijakan Kartu Lansia Jakarta. Adanya ageism berupa streotipe implisit terhadap kondisi lansia antara lain terungkap dari kenyataan tidak dilibatkannya lansia secara langsung dalam tahapan formulasi dan evaluasi kebijakan.
The percentage of Indonesia's elderly population is increasing from time to time, creating challenges and socio-economic impacts. Therefore, a policy that is in accordance with the needs and rights of the elderly is needed. This study aims to describe the Jakarta Lansia Card policy process in relation to meeting the basic needs of the elderly and ageism. This research is a descriptive research with qualitative method. Data collection was carried out during June 2022 through in-depth interviews with 9 (nine) informants. The selection of informants was done by purposive sampling. The results showed that the Jakarta Elderly Card policy process was based on an increase in the elderly population in DKI Jakarta Province and carried out the mandate of Governor Regulation Number 100 of 2019 concerning the Provision of PKD Social Assistance to the Elderly. This KLJ is formulated by coordinating with related parties, such as the Social Service, Bappeda, BPKD, DPRD as well as Regents/Mayors, Camat and Lurah, and Bank DKI. KLJ socialization is carried out through online media, social assistants, social instructors and also RT/RW. The implementation of this KLJ policy is considered to have been right on target, by conducting verification and village meetings to determine the recipient of the KLJ. The response to KLJ also received a positive response because it can meet the basic needs of the elderly, such as physiological needs, protection needs and social needs of the elderly. However, KLJ has not been able to meet the needs of the elderly for appreciation and actualization needs. The unfulfilled need is apparently related to the ageism in the Jakarta Elderly Card policy process. The existence of ageism in the form of implicit stereotypes on the condition of the elderly is revealed, among others, from the fact that the elderly are not directly involved in the formulation and evaluation stages of policies. |
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