Food insecurity is still prevalent in Indonesia with a serious level of hunger. This study was to assess the determinants of household food security during COVID-19 pandemic in Tulungagung, East Java. This cross-sectional study enrolled 187 parents (mother or father) who interviewed using telephone to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, social assistance, impact of COVID-19, household food security. The study used Household Food Insecure Assess Scale (HFIAS), dietary diversity scale, and coping strategy and index instruments. This study found the prevalence of food insecurity in Tulungagung were 56.1%. After adjusting with several potential confounders, e.g. income (p=0.021) (AdjOR=2.388; 95%CI: 1.123-5.079), type of social assistance (NGO) (p=0.002) (AdjOR=3.945; 95%CI: 1.652-9.421), change in job status (p=0.044) (AdjOR=2.026; 95%CI: 1.210-7.064), drug affordability (p=0.004) (AdjOR=3.104; 95%CI: 1.436-6.712), coping strategy food compromisation (p=0.008) (AdjOR 10.134; 95%CI: 1.816-8.567), and number of coping strategy (p=0.009) (AdjOR 4.365; 95%CI: 1.450-3.083) were determinants factor of household food security. It means that food security could be achieved by improving food availability, the ability to access economically in certain period.
Kerawanan pangan rumah tangga masih banyak terjadi di Indonesia tingkat kelaparan yang tergolong serius. Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor determinan ketahanan pangan rumah tangga pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Tulungagung, Jawa Timur. Studi potong lintang ini mensurvei 187 kepala rumah tangga (ibu atau ayah) dengan wawancara telepon yang menilai karakteristik sosio-demografis, perlindungan sosial, dampak COVID-19, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dengan Skala Penilaian Kerawanan Pangan Rumah Tangga (HFIAS), keragaman pangan dengan skala keragaman pangan, dan strategi koping dengan indeks strategi koping dan instrument indeks. Prevalensi kerawanan pangan adalah 56.1%. Setelah dilakukan uji regresi logistik, didapatkan pendapatan (p=0,021) (AdjOR=2,388; 95%CI: 1.123-5.079), jenis perlindungan sosial (LSM) (p=0.002) (AdjOR=3.945; 95%CI: 1.652 -9.421), perubahan status pekerjaan (p=0.044) (AdjOR=2.026; 95%CI: 1.210-7.064), perubahan harga obat (p=0.004) (AdjOR=3.104; 95%CI: 1.436-6.712), koping strategi kompromi pangan (p=0,008) (AdjOR 10,134; 95%CI: 1,816-58,567), dan jumlah strategi koping (p=0,009) (AdjOR 4,365; 95%CI: 1,450-13,083) merupakan faktor penentu ketahanan pangan rumah tangga. Ketahanan pangan dapat dicapai melalui peningkatan ketersediaan pangan, kemampuan akses ekonomi dalam periode tertentu. |
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