WHO menetapkan Covid-19 sebagai pandemi dengan jutaan orang yang terinfeksi dan ratusan ribu orang meninggal dunia.. Hampir 2 tahun sejak pandemi Covid-19 menyebar di seluruh dunia, namun proses pengembangan vaksin Covid-19 dikembangkan dengan cepat. Dengan adanya kebijakan wajib vaksin di semua negara, masyarakat dunia telah dihadapkan dengan berbagai dilema dalam menerima kebijakan ini dan menimbulkan seruan dalam menolak vaksin Covid 19. Hal ini menimbulkan keraguan di tengah populasi untuk menerima vaksin Covid 19. Timbulnya keraguan pastinya dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yang berbeda di setiap negaranya. Hal ini membuat penulis ingin mengetahui bagaimana tingkat penerimaan vaksinasi Covid 19 di beberapa negara dunia. Determinan apa saja yang membuat penduduk beberapa negara di dunia menunjukan sikap penolakan terhadap vaksinasi Covid 19. Oleh karena itu, pencarian studi dilakukan pada database online Pubmed, ScienceDirect dan Springerlink dengan kata kunci "Vaccine acceptance" OR ("vaccine hesitancy") AND ("COVID 19" OR "coronavirus disease" OR "SARS-CoV-2"). Dari pencarian tersebut, 24 studi terinklusi dalam penelitian. Determinan yang mempengaruhi penerimaan vaksin Covid-19 di beberapa negara terdiri dari keamanan dan efektivitas vaksin, pendidikan, rekomendasi tenaga kesehatan, pendapatan, penyakit kronis, usia, info vaksin, harga vaksin, riwayat Covid-19, agama, dan pekerjaan. Adanya vaksinasi Covid 19 menjadi harapan untuk memulai kehidupan normal, dengan diketahuinya determinan yang mempengaruhi penerimaan masyarakat dalam menerima vaksin Covid-19, diharapkan dapat dijadikan pertimbangan untuk menjalankan program vaksinasi Covid-19 di masa yang akan datang.
WHO has designated Covid-19 as a pandemic with millions of people being infected and hundreds of thousands of people dying.. It has been almost 2 years since the Covid-19 pandemic spread across the world, but the process of developing a Covid-19 vaccine is progressing rapidly. With the mandatory vaccine policy in all countries, the world community has been faced with various dilemmas in accepting this policy and has raised calls to reject the Covid 19 vaccine. This raises doubts among the population to receive the Covid 19 vaccine. The emergence of doubts is certainly influenced by several factors that different in each country. This makes the author want to know how the level of acceptance of the Covid 19 vaccination is in several countries in the world. What are the determinants that make the population of several countries in the world show an attitude of rejection towards Covid 19 vaccination. Therefore, a study search was conducted on the online databases of Pubmed, ScienceDirect and Springer Link with the keywords "Vaccine acceptance" OR ("vaccine hesitancy") AND ( "COVID 19" OR "coronavirus disease" OR "SARS-CoV-2"). From these searches, 24 studies were included in the study. The determinants that affect the acceptance of the Covid-19 vaccine in several countries consist of vaccine safety and effectiveness, education, recommendations for health workers, income, chronic diseases, age, vaccine information, vaccine prices, Covid-19 history, religion, and occupation. The existence of the Covid 19 vaccination is a hope to start a normal life, with knowing the determinants that affect public acceptance of receiving the Covid-19 vaccine, it is hoped that this can be taken into consideration for carrying out the Covid-19 vaccination program in the future. |
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