Telah dilakukan penelitian pengetahuan masyarakat tentang keanekaragaman hayati tanaman berpotensi obat di Desa Wisata Kubu Gadang, Padang Panjang, Sumatera Barat. Tujuan utama penelitian yaitu untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman tanaman obat berdasarkan pengetahuan lokal masyarakat Desa Wisata melalui pendekatan emik dan etik. Metode penelitian dilakukan dengan wawancara dan kuesioner terhadap 80 responden dan 4 orang informan terpilih Pemilihan informan dengan teknik purposive sampling dan snowball. Kuesioner dibagikan kepada 80 orang responden secara acak. Informan terdiri dari Kepala Adat, Ketua RW, Dukun Kampung, dan Tenaga Kesehatan. Pendekatan etik dilakukan dengan menentukan nilai Frekuensi Kutipan Relatif (RFC), Pebble Distribution Method (PDM), dan nilai kepentingan lokal (Local User’s Value Index, LUVI). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan RFC terdapat sejumlah 42 spesies tanaman yang dikenali dan dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman obat. sebagai jenis tanaman yang memiliki nilai Frekuensi Kutipan Relatif (RFC) tertinggi adalah simpadeh atau jahe (Zingiber officinale) sebesar 0,95 dan yang terendah tanaman bungo kana sebesar 0,33. Perhitungan PDM dan LUVI menunjukkan bahwa penelitian berhasil mencatat spesies yang memiliki intensitas pemanfaatan dari yang tertinggi ke terendah. Sedangkan perhitungan nilai kepentingan lokal menunjukkan bahwa tanaman jahe merupakan tanaman yang paling dianggap penting dengan nilai PDM 17 dan LUVI 0,84% dan tanaman lado kutu dianggap paling tidak penting dengan nilai PDM 1,25 dan LUVI 0,06%.
Research has been carried out on community knowledge about the biodiversity of medicinal plants in Kubu Gadang Tourism Village, Padang Panjang, West Sumatra. The main objective of the study is to determine the diversity of medicinal plants based on local knowledge of the Tourism Village community through an emic and ethical approach. The research method was conducted by interview and questionnaire to 80 respondents and 4 selected informants. Selection of informants using purposive sampling and snowball techniques. Questionnaires were distributed to 80 respondents randomly. The informants consisted of the customary head, the head of the RW, the village shaman, and health workers. The ethical approach is carried out by determining the value of the Relative Quotation Frequency (RFC), Pebble Distribution Method (PDM), and the value of local importance (Local User's Value Index, LUVI). Based on the results of the RFC calculation, there are 42 species of plants that are recognized and used as medicinal plants. as a type of plant that has the highest Relative Quotation Frequency (RFC) value is simpadeh or ginger (Zingiber officinale) of 0.95 and the lowest is Bungo kana plant of 0.33. PDM and LUVI calculations show that the study succeeded in recording species that had the highest utilization intensity to the lowest. While the calculation of the value of local importance shows that ginger is the most important plant with a PDM value of 17 and a LUVI of 0.84% and a lado tick plant is considered the least important with a PDM value of 1.25 and a LUVI of 0.06%. |
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