Imunisasi dasar adalah suatu tindakan untuk memberikan kekebalan khusus terhadap penyakit tuberkulosis, difteri, pertusis, tetanus, poliomielitis, campak dan hepatitis B kepada anak umur 0-11 bulan. Kegiatan tersebut merupakan salah satu intervensi kesehatan yang berdaya ungkit besar terhadap penurunan angka kesakitan dan angka kematian bayi dan anak. Cakupan imunisasi menurut SDKI tahun 1997 adalah 55% anak terimunisasi lengkap. Di Jawa Barat tahun 1997 cakupan anak terimunisasi lengkap bare mencapai 42 % sedangkan di Kabupaten Majalengka cakupan anak terimunisasi lengkap 81,29%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku ibu tentang imunisasi terhadap status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada anak di Kabupaten Majalengka tahun 1999-2001. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah kasus kontrol tanpa di matching dengan jumlah sampel 159 kasus dan 159 kontrol diambil dengan cara simple random sampling.Hasil penelitian dengan menggunakan uji statistik multivariabel regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa perilaku ibu tentang imunisasi berpengaruh terhadap status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada anak dengan nilai rasio odds 4,12. Artinya ibu yang memiliki perilaku tentang imunisasi kurang baik memiliki risiko 4,12 kali status imunisasi dasar pada anaknya tidak lengkap dibandingkan dengan ibu yang memiliki perilaku tentang imunisasi baik.Selain itu, status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada anak dipengaruhi pula oleh pendidikan ibu, jumlah anak masih hidup, aktifitas kader Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu), aksesibilitas ke Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) dan pemajanan media informasi. Variabel pendidikan ibu, aktifitas kader Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu), aksesibilitas ke Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) dan pemajanan media informasi saling berpengaruh independent dengan status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada anak. Pengaruh perilaku ibu tentang imunisasi terhadap status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada anak, ternyata dipengaruhi oleh kovariat antara lain pendidikan ibu dan aksesibilitas ke Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu).Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh model terbaik yaitu : Logit p(X) = -2,82+ 1,05 (Perilaku ibu tentang imunisasi) + 0,90 (Aktifitas kader Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu)) + 1,53 (Aksesibilitas ke Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu)) + 1,50 (Pemajanan media informasi) + 1,56 (Pendidikan ibu).Untuk meningkatkan status kelengkapan imunisasi dasar pada anak, Dinas Kesehatan dengan didukung oleh program dan sektor terkait perlu melakukan suatu kajian pengembangan media informasi imunisasi dan pemberdayaan Pos Pelayanan Terpadu (Posyandu) dalam program imunisasi.
Mother's Behavior Influences on Immunization to Completeness Status of Basic Immunization for Children in Majalengka Regency in 1999-2001Basic immunization is an action to give immunity to tuberculosis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles and hepatitis B diseases for children 0-1 l months. The activity is one of the health interventions to reduce morbidity and mortality rates. According to Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) in 1997 immunization coverage is 55% fully immunized children. In West Java in 1997 the fully immunized children are 42% more over in Majalengka Regency the fully immunized children are 81,29%.The research objectives knowing mother's behavior influences on immunization to completeness status of basic immunization for children in Majalengka Regency in 1999-2001. Research design by using case-control 159 sample cases and 159 controls without matching is taken by simple random sampling.The research results to use logistic regression multivariate statistic, indicated which mother's behavior on immunization influence to completeness status of basic immunization for children value to odds ratio 4.12. It means those mothers?s who has a bad behavior on immunization having risk 4.12 times status of basic immunization of her child is incompletely of we compared with the mother's who have a good behavior on immunization.Besides the completeness status of basic immunization for children is influenced by the mother's education, number of children still alive, activities of Integrated Health Service Post cadre, accessibility to Integrated Health Service Post and advance of mass immunization information. The variable of the mother's education, activities of Integrated Health Service Post cadre, accessibility to Integrated Health Service Post and advance of mass immunization information as influence as independently with status of completeness of basic immunization for children.Mother's behavior influences on immunization to completeness status of basic immunization for children which is influenced by covariate such as mother's education and accessibility to Integrated Health Service Post.The research results above are got the best model namely:Logit p(X) = -2,82 i 1,05 (mother's behavior on immunization) - 0,90 (activities of Integrated Health Service Post) + 1,53 (accessibility to Integrated Health Service Post) + 1,50 (advance or mass immunization information) 1,56 (mother's education).To increase completeness status of basic immunization for children, Department of Health supported by program and connected sector should be done the developing research of mass immunization information and revitalization of Integrated Health Service Post in immunization program. |
Pengaruh perilaku ibu-TOC(T 10002).pdf :: Unduh