ABSTRAKBerbagai keluhan di masyarakat yang mengisyaratkan rendahnya mutu lulusan pendidikan keperawatan sekarang antara lain kurangnya ketrampilan para lulusan, sikap yang judas dan kurang perhatian terhadap pasien. Performansi lulusan pendidikan keperawatan menjadi satu indikator dari keberhasilan lembaga pendidikan keperawatan dalam mengantarkan para lulusannya memasuki dunia profesi keperawatan.Akademi Keperawatan sebagai salah satu lembaga pendidikan keperawatan memiliki peran strategis dalam mengantarkan mahasiswa Akper menjadi perawat profesional pemula melalui proses belajar mengajar.Keberhasilan belajar mahasiswa dalam mata kuliah keahlian keperawatan (MKK) yang dinyatakan dalam Indeks Prestasi (IP) akan menggambarkan kemampuan profesional mereka kelak sebagai perawat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai faktor yang berhubungan dengan keberhasilan belajar mahasiswa Akper dalam mata kuliah keahlian di Kotamadya Bandung tahun 1999.Disain Penelitian berupa Cross Sectional, dengan besar sampel 124 orang. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa Akper tingkat III yang telah menyelesaikan MKK. Seluruh populasi berjumlah 389 orang tersebar di tujuh Akper Negeri maupun Swasta. Data kuantitatif diperoleh melalui kuestioner terstruktur dan tak terstruktur. Data kualitatif diperoleh melalui diskusi kelompok terfokus. Pengolahan dan analisa data baik univariat, bivariat maupun multivariat menggunakan perangkat lunak mikro komputer dengan program Epi Info versi 6.04 dan Stata versi 4.0.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : Indeks prestasi mahasiswa Akper dalam mata kuliah keahlian dengan rerata 2,56 , simpangan baku 0.31 dan rentang nilai antara 2,00 - 3,25. Mahasiswa yang tinggal di asrama memiliki indeks prestasi MKK yang lebih tinggi dari mahasiswa yang tinggal di luar sarama ( p = 0,000 ). Mahasiswa yang memiliki sikap yang positif terhadap MKK memiliki indeks prestasi MKK yang lebih tinggi dari mahasiswa yang memiliki sikap negatif terhadap MKK ( p = 0,007 ). Mahasiswa yang memiliki minat yang tinggi menjadi perawat memiliki indeks prestasi MKK yang lebih tinggi dari mahasiswa yang memiliki minat yang kurang menjadi perawat ( p = 0,04 ). Mahasiswa dengan keberadaan dosen yang memadai memiliki indeks prestasi MKK yang lebih tinggi dari mahasiswa dengan keberadaan dosen yang tidak memadai (p = 0,07).Direkomendasikan perlunya studi sejenis yang meminimalkan keterbatasan penelitian seperti menggunakan disain yang dapat mengungkap hubungan faktor determinan seperti kasus kontrol atau kohort dan perlunya mempertimbangkan faktor inteligensi mahasiswa sebagai konfonder. Agar semua lembaga pendidikan Akper menyediakan asrama bagi mahasiswanya. Disarankan agar Pusdiknakes mempertegas peraturan penyediaan asrama bagi mahasiswa Akper. Sagi para instruktur klinik kiranya dapat meningkatkan kualitas dan kuantitas mahasiswa di lapangan.Seleksi diperlukan bagi calon dosen di lingkungan pendidikan keperawatan menyangkut aspek kognitif, sikap dan ketrampilan. Perlu dipertimbangkan "faktor minat mahasiswa menjadi perawat" dalam proses seleksi mahasiswa baru maupun dalam proses belajar mengajar .
ABSTRACTPeople have been unsatisfied with the performance of nursing staff due to lack of professional skills and attitudes. People will always value this situation as lack of caring behavior. Theoretically, the performance level of nursing staff will be an indicator for nursing institution to bring up their students to be a professional nurse.Academy of nursing as one of the nursing institution has strategic roles to prepare students to be first professional level of nurses by providing them a process of teaching learning in a period time. Nursing Subjects (here means Mata Kuliah Keahlian = MKK) is a core subject in the curriculum of nursing education. The subjects have certain competencies that have to be met. The academic achievement of the students on MICK will expectedly be demonstrated through their professional capability as nurse in the future. The purpose of this research was to assess factors related to academic achievement of third grade nursing academy students on MKK in Bandung in 1999.The study design wasca cross sectional, and 124 samples participated in the study. The inclusive criteria was third grade academy of nursing students who have completed their nursing subjects. The population was 389 students from seven nursing academy institution. Quantitative data were collected by utilizing structured and non structured questionnaires. Quantitative data were gathered through a focused group discussion. Data analyses was done through uni variat, bi-variat, and multi variety, using an Epi Info Program 6.04 version and Stata 4.0 version.The result showed that IP Nursing Academy Student in MKK : mean 2,56 standard deviation 0,31, grade range between 2,00 - 3,25. Relation of succeeding in MKK with staying location is significant (p = 0,000 ), attitude to MILK is significant (p = 0,007 ), interested to be a nurse is significant ( p = 0,04 ), existing of lecturer is significant ( p = 0,07 ).Relation between succeeded learning in MILK to the way of learning, facility of learning and method of teaching is not significant. IP mean of student in MKK is far more than IP passing grade which is standardized by Pusdiknakes (I997)_Factors which is related to student IP in MKK with staying of location, attitude to MKK, interested to be a nurse and existing of lecturer. Students who are staying in Dormitory, their attitudes to MKK are positive, have high interested to be a nurse, appropriate existing of lecturer. They are going to have bigger IP M CK than students who are not in Dormitory, their attitudes to MKK are negative, less in interest to be a nurse and in appropriate of existing of lecturer.The study recommended that studies need to be done further to minimize encountered limitation, and to eliminate errors found in the present study. The findings also recommended that Pusdiknakes will consistently apply the rule and regulation for all nursing institution to provide dormitories to students. Hopefully instructor and lecturer in Nursing Institution area should be increase their quantity and quality of teaching learning process in field. Let the interested of nursing candidate student as a consideration on determination of admission test process. |
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