Hasil Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional tahun 2001 menunjukkan bahwa sumber air bersih yang banyak digunakan oleh masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat pedesaan adalah air tanah dangkal berupa sumur gali (47,40%). Hal ini karena pembuatan sumur gali mudah, murah, dan sederhana. Sumur gali yang baik harus memenuhi syarat kesehatan baik dari segi konstruksi maupun kualitas airnya. Hanya 35,50% sumur gali yang digunakan masyarakat terlindung dalam arti dilengkapi konstruksi, dan hanya 47,75% berjarak lebih dari 10 meter dari jamban.Untuk mengetahui tingkat risiko pencemaran pada sumur gali, dilakukan surveilans kualitas air melalui kegiatan Inspeksi Sanitasi (IS). Sedangkan untuk mengetahui kualitas bakteriologik air dilakukan pemeriksaan sampel air di laboratorium. Permasalahannya adalah apakah tingkat risiko pencemaran hasil IS sesuai dengan kualitas bakteriologik air sumur gali. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara hasil pengukuran tingkat risiko pencemaran dengan IS dan hasil pemeriksaan bakteriologik pada sumur gali.Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi diagnostik, yaitu untuk mengetahui kesesuaian antara hasil pengukuran tingkat risiko pencemaran dengan IS dan hasil pemeriksaan kualitas bakteriologik pada bersih sumur gali. Diharapkan adanya kesesuaian yang baik dengan nilai Kappa antara 0,40 sampai dengan 0,75. Populasi penelitian adalah sumur gali yang ada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Rancabungur, Kabupaten Bogor pada tahun 2003 dengan sampel sebanyak 88 yang diambil secara bertingkat di 3 desa (21 RW) di Rancabungur. Data yang dikumpulkan dengan melakukan pengamatan menggunakan formulir IS dan pemeriksaan bakteriologik sampel air sumur gali.Hasil analisis, menunjukkan bahwa dari 10 variabel IS ada 1 variabel yang tidak reliable, dan tidak berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan tingkat risiko pencemaran, yaitu dinding sumur sedalam 3 meter tidak diplester. Seluruh variabel tidak berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan kelas kualitas bakteriologik. Kesesuaian antara tingkat risiko pencemaran dan kualitas bakteriologik, sangat rendah (Kappa 0,009 untuk 2 katagorik dan Kappa 0.006 untuk 4 katagorik).Dapat disimpulkan bahwa formulir IS tidak seluruhnya reliable untuk mengukur tingkat risiko pencemaran. Tingkat risiko pencemaran dengan mempergunakan IS tidak dapat dipergunakan untuk dapat menduga kualitas bakteriologik air. Disarankan perlu evaluasi kembali formulir IS dengan memperhatikan variabel apa saja. yang berhubungan dengan kelas kualitas bakteriologhik air, pembobotan yang berbeda untuk masing-masing dan penetapan titik potong untuk menetapkan tingkat risiko dan/atau kualitas bakteriologik air sumur gali. Instrumen IS harus dikembangkan sedemikian rupa sehingga dapat digunakan dalam diteksi dini kualitas air oleh masyarakat.Daftar Pustaka, 30 (1983 - 2002)
Compatibility Between Measurement Results of Pollution Risk Level from Sanitary Inspection and Bacteriological Assessment Results of Dug-Wells at Puskesmas Rancabungur, Bogor District, 2003The results of National Socio-Economy Survey 2001 indicated that most rural community (47,40%) utilized dug-wells as clean water source, due to low cost, simplicity and not complicated in the construction. A good dug-wells should meet health standard, both in its construction and water quality as well. From 47,40% of dug-wells, it was found that only 35,50% of those possessed complete construction or met health standard. In addition, only 47,75% of those had a 10-meter distance from latrine.In order to find out pollution risk level of dug-wells, water quality surveillance was conducted through sanitary inspection (SI). Whereas, to find out bacteriological water quality, this study also carried out water sample analysis in the laboratory. The problem of this research tried to find an answer whether pollution risk level from the SI results was compatible with bacteriological quality of dug-wells based on colrfarm number. This research was implemented to find out the compatibility between the measurement results of pollution risk level from the SI and the results of bacteriological analysis of dug-wells.In the effort to assess compatibility between measurement results of pollution risk level from the SI and the results of bacteriological analysis of dug-wells, research design used diagnostic study with expected Kappa compatibility from 0,40 up to 0,75 and classified as a good grade. The research population was dug-wells which existed in the working area of Puskesmas (health center) Rancabungur, Bogor District in the year 2003. This research used stratified sampling method with a total of 88 samples, taken from 3 villages (21 RW) in Rancabungur. Data were compiled through observation and using the SI forms. In addition to data collection, it also took water samples of dug-wells for bacteriological quality analysis.Statistical results showed that from 10 variables of the SI only 1 variable was statistically unreliable and not significant with pollution level risk. This variable was the line/wall of dug-wells without 3-meter ring of Ferro-cement. All of the SI variables statistically revealed no significant association with bacteriological quality level. The research also revealed that the compatibility between pollution risk level and water quality class was very low, where Kappa 0,009 for 2 categories and Kappa 0,006 for 4 categories.Based on the results, it may be concluded that not all of SI forms were reliable to measure pollution risk level. The SI forms could not be used to predict and assess class of bacteriological water quality. Eventually, it is recommended that the utilization of SI forms should be reevaluate with taking into account on certain variables which may potentially influence on bacteriological water quality class. Moreover, every variable should be treated with different weight (score) and a cutting point should be determined to measure pollution risk Level and/or bacteriological water quality of dug-wells. Finally it is expected that the SI can be used as early warning method, particularly for water quality control in the community.Bibliography, 30 (1983 - 2002) |
T 13006-Kesesuaian antara.pdf :: Unduh