ABSTRAK
Ruang Lingkup dan Cara Penelitian : Telah dilakukan penelitian eksperimental secara acak menyilang dengan kontrol terhadap 12 atlet sepakbola peserta pendidikan dan latihan sepakbola DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan cara pemberian diet tinggi karbohidrat (KH) yang lebih tepat, dalam upaya meningkatkan ketahanan fisik atlet Indonesia yang mempunyai pola makan tinggi KH. Atlet dibagi 2 kelompok, masing-masing kelompok 6 orang. Tahap I kelompok I diberi diet pertandingan biasa (KH 57%, protein 13%, lemak 30 %) dan latihan berat selama 6 hari. Kelompok II, hari ke 1-3 diberi diet pertandingan biasa, hari ke 4-6 diberi diet tinggi KH (KH 80%, protein 11%, lemak 9%), latihan berat sekali ada hart ke 1 menurun bertahap pada hari-hari erikutn a. Kedua diet yang diberikan iso kalori. Setelah 6 hari masa 'wash out', dilakukan tahap ke II berupa penyilangan perlakuan.Hasil dan Kesimpulan : Nilai rata-rata (X) lama waktu dan denyut jantung saat melakukan tes treadmill sebelum dan sesudah diberi diet pertandingan biasa adalah 1100 ± 203,60 detik dan 1130 ± 108,04 detik serta 179,17 ± 5,15 denyut/menit dan 177,50 ± 5,84 denyut/menit. Terdapat pemanjangan waktu 30 detik dan penurunan denyut jantung 1,67 denyut/menit. Sedangkan sebelum dan sesudah diberi diet modifikasi penimbunan KH adalah 1095 ± 206,46 detik dan 1115 ± 206,99 detik serta 178;50 ± 7,55 denyut/menit dan 177,08 ± 6,56 denyut/menit. Terdapat pemanjangan waktu 20 detik dan penurunan denyut jantung 1,42 denyut/menit. Hasil uji t tidak berpasangan terhadap kedua variabel baik sebelum dan sesudah diberi kedua macam diet, maupun terhadap pemanjangan waktu dan penurunan denyut jantung pada pemberian kedua macam diet tidak berbeda bermakna (p > 0,05). Selama penelitian tidak terdapat keluhan atau efek samping yang berarti. Kesimpulannya ialah pemberian diet modifikasi penimbunan KH tidak menunjukkan peningkatan ketahanan fisik atlet secara bermakna. Kemungkinan hal itu terjadi karena kebiasaan mengkonsumsi diet tinggi. KH dan latihan fisik berat sehingga sudah terjadi proses adaptasi dan pencapaian ketahanan fisik yang maksimal.ABSTRACT
Scope and research method. An experimental, randomized controlled cross over design has been conducted using 12 soccer athletes participants in the DKI Jakarta soccer Educational and Training Programs. This research aims to obtain a more appropriate method of providing high carbohydrate diet to improve the endurance of Indonesian athletes having high carbohydrate consumption patterns. The athletes were divided into 2 groups,,6 athletes each. At the first with consists of 570 g carbohydrate, 13% protein, and 30% fat followed by a heavy exercise for 6 days. While group II were given ordinary competition diet on days 1 to 3; on the next three days, a high carbohydrate diet with a composition of 80% carbohydrate, 11% protein, and 9% fat followed by a very heavy exercise on day I decreasing radically on the remaining days. The two types of diet are iso calorie. After a period of wash out phase II began and crossed over treatment was performed.Results and Conclusions : The mean duration and heart beat to performing a treadmill test before and after they were given ordinary competition diet was 1100 ± 203.60 seconds and 1130 ± 108.04 seconds, 179.17 ± 5.15 beats/minute and 177.50 + 5.84 beats/minute respectively. There was extension of 30 seconds and decrease in heart beat of 1.67 beats minute. For carbohydrate loading modification diet it was 1095 ± 206.46 seconds and 1115 ± 206.99 seconds, 178.50 ± 7.55 beats/minute and 177.08 + 6.56 beats/minute, respectively. There was extension of 20 seconds and decrease in heart beat of 1.42 beats/minute. The results of the unpaired student's t test of the two variables, both before and after provision of the two types of diet differed insignificantly (p > 0.05). During the research no significant complaints and side effects were found. The conclusion is the provision of carbohydrate loading modification diet did not show improvement the athlete's endurance. It may be caused b a habit of consuming already high carbohydrate diet and heavy training, resulting in an adaptation process and achievement of maximum endurance. |
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