Indonesia merupakan negara yang mendominasi bahan bakurotan dunia, untuk itu perlu meningkatkan upaya yang dapat melestarikansumberdaya rotan sehingga tetap dapat diambil manfaatnya bagi masyarakatdan bagi devisa negara. Masalah yang timbul adalah semakin Iangkanyasumberdaya rotan di hutan alam dan bagaimana mengusahakanpengembangannya melalui budidaya.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui (1) seberapa besar potensirotan yang terdapat di hutan alam; (2) jenis bahan baku apa yang diperlukandan berapa besar drbutuhkan oleh industri rotan; serta (3) mengetahuikelayakan budidaya rotan dilihat dari segi teknis, lingkungan dan sosialekonomi. Sehubungan dengan itu untuk kawasan hutan KPH Sukabumidiajukan dua hipotesis yaitu (1) potensi rotan alat dapat memenuhikebutuhan industri rotan Tegalwangi; dan (2) kawasan hutan layak untukdijadikan kawasan budidaya rotan. Desain penelitian berupa survai analitis,di mana data potensi rotan alam diambil dengan menggunakan sistematiksampling dengan unit contoh berupa jalur dengan intensitas 0,05%,sedangkan data lain diambil melalui pengamatan lapangan, wawancarabebas dengan buruh kerja, data dari sentra industri rotan Tegalwangi sertapustaka.Pengolahan data potensi rotan dilakukan dengan metoda Ratio estimate instratified sampling (dengan stratum pertama berupa hutan produksi danstratum kedua berupa hutan lindung). Anallsis finansial diolah denganmenggunakan metode Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return(IRR), Benefit-Cost (B/C) ratio dan metode Pay Back Period (PBP).Dari data diperoleh hutan alam KPH Sukabumi terdapat rotan lokalbatangan masak tebang sebanyak 11.278.671 batang terdiri dari 8.526-181batang terdapat di hutan produksi dan 4.750.491 batang terdapat di hutanlindung dengan jenis-jenis sebagai berikut Balukbuk (Plectocomiagriffithii), Teretes (Calamus heteroides), Seuti (C. scipionum), Seel(Daemonorops hystrix), Sampay (Korthalsia junghunif), Pelah (C.perokensis), dan Mencek (D. langipes). Sedangkan jenis-jenis yangdigunakan industri rotan Tegalwangi pada tahun 1991 yang berjumlah 6.404.010 batang berasal dari jenis Manau (C. manan), Seuti, Mandola,Seel, Tohiti (C. irops), Balukbuk, Teretes dan Semambu (C. scorpionum)dengan laju peningkatan penggunaan rotan batangan 30,07% per tahun.Sedangkan rotan jari masak tebang terdapat sebesar 91.501,74 kg di mana36.169,46 kg terdapat di hutan produksi dan 58.521,40 kg terdapat di hutanlindung, dengan jenis-jenis berupa Peuteuy (C. ciliaris), Omas (C.oxleiyamus), Leules (C. asperrimus), Kidang (D. grandis) dan Cacing (C.javensis). Adapun bahan baku yang digunakan oleh industri Tegalwangipada tahun 1991 berjumlah 3.310.000 kg dengan jenis yang dibutuhkanberupa rotan Sega (C. caesius), Irit (C. trachycoleus) dan Pulut, dengan lajupeningkatan penggunaan rata-rata sebesar 23,74% per tahun.Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka hipotesis pertama ditolak karena rotan alamlokal KPH Sukabumi tidak dapat memenuhi akan jenis yang dimintamaupun dari ketersediaan potensi rotan yang terdapat di alum secara terusmenerus.Dengan mempertimbangkan permintaan pasar, kesesuaian tempat tumbuh,kemudahan penyediaan benih, teknik silvikultur, peluang teknologi dankualitas hasil yang diharapkan maka jenis yang dipilih untuk dibudidayakanadalah rotan Manau, Seel, Seuti, Balukbuk, Pelah dan Teretes.Dengan analisis finansial pada discounted rate 16% layak dibudidayakanrotan dalam bentuk tanaman pengisi dari jenis rotan lokal maupun rotanManau. Sedangkan dengan mempertimbangkan permintaan pasar dankondisi resistensi lingkungan maka sebaiknya dilaksanakan budidaya dalambentuk tanaman pengisi roman campuran. Kondisi ini juga didukung olehkondisi sosial masyarakat yang memerlukan penyediaan lapangan kerja,dalam hal mana budidaya rotan dengan sistem ini dapat menyerap 641 orangtenaga kerja, sehingga hipotesis kedua dapat diterima.
Abstract
Indonesia is a country that dominates rattan supply for theworldwide. As of this, Indonesia must make efforts to conserve theresources while at the same takes advantages of its resources and the foreignexchange. The problems here were (1) the concern was that the rattanresource in the natural forest was declining too much that it would soon beendangered; (2) the effort to improve this condition can be made-throughplanting (cultivation).These research objectives were to assess the potency of rattan in the naturalforest, and to assess the feasibility of each variety of rattan planting thatwould considering the technical, environmental and social economical aspects. The hypotheses were (1) the potency of natural rattan which shouldfulfill the demand of Tegalwangi rattan industry; (2) the forest area shouldbe feasible for the rattan planting area. The research design was analyticalsurvey. The sampling technique for the rattan potency data was systematicsampling, with lines sampling units and its intensity was 0,05%.Observation, interview and secondary sources have collected the other data.The rattan potency data were processed by the ratio estimated in stratifiedtechnical sampling method, where the first stratum was production forestand the second stratum was protection forest. Net Present Value (NPV),Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit-Cost (BC) Ratio and Pay BackPeriod processed the financial analyses.In the natural forest of KPH Sukabumi that has been found 13,278,671pieces mature trees of local rattan which consist of 8,526,181 pieces ?riomproduction forest and 4,750,491 pieces from protection forest. Those rattanspecies were Balukbuk (Plectocomia griffithii), Teretes (Calamusheteroides), Seuti (C. scipionum), Seel (Daemonorops hystrix), Sampay(Korthalsia junghunii), Pelah (C. perokensis), and Mencek (D. Iangipes). In1991 Tegalwangi rattan industry used 6,404,010 pieces rattan, its specieswere Manau (C. manan), Seuti, Mandela, Seel, Tohiti (C. irops), Balukbuk,Teretes and Semambu (C. scorpionum), with a rattan using growth rate of30.07% per annum.The mature finger rattans that have been found were as follows 91,501.74kg where 36,169.46 kg was in the production forest and 58,521.40 kg was inthe protection forest. Those rattan species were Peuteuy (C. ciliaris), Omas(C. oxleiyamus), Leules (C. asperrimus), Kidang (D. grandis) and Cacing(C. javensis). In 1991 Tegalwangi rattan industry used 3,310,000 kg whichits species were Sega (C. caesius), Irit (C. trachycoleus) and Pulut, with arattan using growth rate of 23.74% per annum.Based on those data, the first hypothesis was rejected, because the localnatural rattan from KPH Sukabumi could not fulfill the demand of thespecies and supply continually.The selected species for planting were Manau, Seel, Seuti, Balukbuk, Pelahand Teretes. The considering was based on the market demand, habitatsuitability, ease of seed supply, silviculture technic, technology and cropquality.Based on the financial analysis on 16% discounted rate, the rattan should befeasible for planting in inter-planting form, from both local rattan andMauna rattan. Considering on the market demand and the environmentresistance condition, the planting should be done in mixed rattan inter-planting form. This condition should be supported by a societal conditionthat needs working opportunities. The rattan planting by this system needs641 workers; thus the second hypothesis was accepted. |
T3101-Muhammad Ikhsan.pdf :: Unduh