Latar belakang. Saat pandemi COVID-19 terjadi, penderita asma dianggap memiliki peningkatan risiko infeksi terhadap COVID-19. Timbul pertanyaan apakah persiapan khusus terhadap kondisi klinis yang berat mungkin dibutuhkan bagi pekerja di lokasi terpencil. Objektif. Studi ini berusaha menjawab apakah terdapat peningkatan risiko perawatan intensif (Intensive Care Unit/ ICU) pada pekerja dengan COVID-19 yang memiliki riwayat asma. Metode. Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui database PubMed, Scopus dan ProQuest, serta pencarian manual. Kriteria inklusi adalah tinjauan sistematis, studi kohort, studi retrospektif, studi cross sectional, COVID-19, asma, dan ICU. Kemudian dilakukan telaah kritis terhadap lietratur berdasarkan Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford University, Critical Appraisal for Prognostic Studies and Systematic Reviews. Hasil. Tiga studi tinjauan sistematis dan tiga studi kohort retrospektif ditemukan. Tinjauan sistematis oleh Sunjaya, et al. (2021) dan Husein, dkk. (2021), serta studi kohort retrospektif oleh Calmes, MD, et al. (2021) menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada risiko perawatan di ICU untuk penderita asma dibandingkan non-asma (RR 1.19; CI 95%: 0.93 – 1.53; p= 0.16), (RR= 1.64, 95%CI = 0.67-3.97; p=0,27), dan (OR = 1,4 (95% CI = 0,64-3,2); p = 0,39). Tinjauan sistematis oleh Liu (2021), menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan dalam prevalensi asma antara pasien ICU dan non-ICU (RR, 1,19; 95% CI, 0,92-1,54; P = 0,17; I2 = 48,6%;). Studi kohort oleh Choi, et al (2020) menunjukkan bahwa asma bukan merupakan faktor prediktif masuknya ICU pada pasien COVID-19 (OR 0,656 (95%CI= 0,295 – 1,440); nilai p =0,302). Sebaliknya, studi kohort oleh Jin, MMed, et.al (2020) menunjukkan bahwa pasien COVID-19 dengan asma memiliki proporsi masuk ICU yang lebih tinggi daripada mereka yang tidak. Kesimpulan. Pekerja COVID-19 dengan asma tidak memiliki risiko masuk ICU yang lebih tinggi.
Background. As the COVID-19 pandemic occurs, those with asthma were thought to have an increased risk of infection. Question arisen whether special preparation for severe clinical outcomes might be needed for remote site workers. Objective. The study sought to answer whether an increased risk of an ICU admission for COVID-19 patients among workers who have a history of asthma exist. Method. A literature search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus and ProQuest databases, as well as hand searched. The inclusion criteria were systematic review, cohort study, retrospective study, cross sectional study, COVID-19, asthma, and ICU. Then, they were critically appraised based on Center of Evidence-Based Medicine, Oxford University, Critical Appraisal for Prognostic Studies and Systematic Reviews. Result. Three systematic review studies and three retrospective cohort studies were found. Systematic reviews by Sunjaya, et al. (2021) and Hussein, et al. (2021), also retrospective cohort study by Calmes, MD, et al. (2021) showed no significant difference in risk requiring admission to ICU for asthmatic compared to non-asthmatic (RR 1.19; CI 95%: 0.93 – 1.53; p= 0.16), (RR= 1.64, 95%CI = 0.67-3.97; p=0.27), and (OR = 1.4 (95% CI = 0.64-3.2); p =0.39), respectively. Systematic review by Liu (2021), showed no significant difference in asthma prevalence between ICU and non-ICU patients (RR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.92-1.54; P =0 .17; I2 = 48.6%;). Cohort study by Choi, et al (2020) showed asthma was not a predictive factor for ICU admission in COVID-19 patients (OR 0.656 (95%CI= 0.295 – 1.440); p value =0.302). Contrary, cohort study by Jin, MMed, et.al (2020) showed that COVID-19 patients with asthma had a higher proportion of ICU admission than those who do not have. Conclusion. COVID-19 workers with asthma does not have a higher risk of ICU admission. |
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