Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari aktivitas katalitik dari katalis silika-organosilika terfungsionalisasi sulfonat yang disintesis berdasarkan metode sol-gel, pada reaksi esterifikasi antara asam oleat dengan neopentil glikol. Aktivitas katalitiknya dibandingkan dengan empat jenis katalis lain, yaitu katalis SBA-15, SBA-15-PrSO3H dengan dua variasi komposisi, dan Ph-PMO-PrSO3H. Pengujian dilaksanakan pada kondisi reaksi yang sama untuk semua jenis katalis, yaitu dengan rasio molar reaktan neopentil glikol : asam oleat 4:1, suhu reaksi 150 oC, jumlah katalis 3%, dan waktu reaksi selama 120 menit. Hasil dari penelitian didapatkan katalis silika-organosilika terfungsionalisasi sulfonat menghasilkan persen konversi produk yang tertinggi, yaitu 71,09%. Selain itu, dilakukan pula variasi rasio molar reaktan, persen jumlah katalis, dan waktu reaksi untuk mengetahui kondisi optimum reaksi. Didapatkan kondisi optimum dari reaksi adalah rasio molar reaktan neopentil glikol : asam oleat 4:1 dengan jumlah katalis 5% dan waktu reaksi selama 300 menit menghasilkan persen konversi produk 87,14%. Dari pengujian daya daur ulang katalis diketahui bahwa katalis silika-organosilika terfungsionalisasi sulfonat memiliki daya daur ulang yang baik untuk tiga kali reaksi, masing-masing dengan persen konversi asam oleat 87,14%, 87,09%, dan 86,73%. Hal ini juga dikonfirmasi oleh karakterisasi FTIR katalis yang tidak menunjukkan adanya gugus fungsi yang hilang dibandingkan dengan katalis sebelum digunakan di reaksi.
This research was conducted to study the catalytic activity of a sulfonate functionalized silica-organosilicate catalyst synthesized based on the sol-gel method, in the esterification reaction between oleic acid and neopentyl glycol. The catalytic activity was compared to four other types of catalysts, namely SBA-15, SBA-15-PrSO3H with two variations of composition, and Ph-PMO-PrSO3H. The test was carried out under the same reaction conditions for all types of catalysts, namely with a molar ratio of neopentyl glycol reactants: oleic acid 4:1, reaction temperature of 150 oC, amount of catalyst 3%, and reaction time of 120 minutes. The results of the study showed that the sulfonate functionalized silica-organosilica catalyst produced the highest percentage of product conversion, namely 71,09%. In addition, variations in the molar ratio of the reactants, the percent amount of catalyst, and reaction time were also carried out to determine the optimum conditions for the reaction. The optimum conditions for the reaction were the molar ratio of reactants neopentyl glycol : oleic acid 4:1 with 5% catalyst and 300 minutes of reaction time to produce a product conversion percentage of 87,14%. From the catalyst recycling test it was found that the sulfonate functionalized silica-organosilica catalyst had good recyclability for three reactions, with percent oleic acid conversion of 87,14%, 87,09% and 86,73%, respectively. This was also confirmed by the FTIR characterization of the catalyst which did not show any loss of functional groups compared to the catalyst before being used in the reaction. |
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