Program subsidi input pertanian seperti subsidi pupuk telah diterapkan sejak tahun 1970-an di Indonesia. Dalam pelaksanaanya, kebijakan subsidi pupuk terbukti berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian di Indonesia. Namun, kebijakan subsidi pupuk seringkali mengalami kendala, seperti sistem alokasi pupuk bersubsidi kurang akurat, peggunaan pupuk bersubsidi berlebih, hingga masalah lemahnya pengawasan distribusi pupuk bersubsidi. Oleh karena itu, pemerintah pada tahun 2017 memenerapkan program Kartu Tani sebagai kebijakan baru untuk mengatasi masalah-masalah di kebijakan subsidi pupuk sebelumnya. Untuk mengetahui dampak program Kartu Tani terhadap tingkat produktivitas lahan pertanian pangan di Indonesia, dilakukan penelitian menggunakan data panel seluruh provinsi di Indonesia selama 6 tahun (2015-2020). Menggunakan model Pooled Least Square (PLS), penelitian ini ingin menguji apakah program Kartu Tani berpegaruh terhadap produktivitas lahan pertanian dengan menggunakan program Kartu Tani, pupuk bersubsidi, jumlah petani, iklim, dan teknologi sebagai variabel independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa program Kartu Tani terbukti secara staitistik meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian. Selain itu, pengaruh kondisi iklim dan penggunaan teknologi alat pertanian juga terbukti secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian. Sementara itu, alokasi pupuk bersubsidi dan jumlah petani tidak terbukti signifikan secara statistik dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan pertanian. Hal ini karena inefisisensi penggunaan pupuk bersubsidi dan jumlah petani yang cukup banyak dibandingkan luas lahan pertanian.
Agricultural input subsidy programs such as fertilizer subsidies have been implemented since the 1970s in Indonesia. In its implementation, the fertilizer subsidy policy has proven to be influential in increasing the productivity of agricultural land in Indonesia. However, the fertilizer subsidy policy often encounters obstacles, such as the inaccurate distribution of subsidized fertilizers, the excessive use of subsidized fertilizers, and the problem of weak supervision of the distribution of subsidized fertilizers. Therefore, in 2017 the government implemented the Kartu Tani program as a new policy to overcome problems in the previous fertilizer subsidy policy. To find out the impact of the Kartu Tani program on the level of productivity of food agriculture land in Indonesia, a study was conducted using panel data from all provinces in Indonesia for 6 years (2015-2020). Using Pooled Least Square (PLS) models, this study wants to test whether the Kartu Tani program affects the productivity of agricultural land by using the Kartu Tani program, subsidized fertilizer, number of farmers, climate, and technology as independent variables. The results showed that the Kartu Tani program was statistically proven to increase the productivity of agricultural land. In addition, the influence of climatic conditions and the use of agricultural equipment technology has also been shown to significantly increase the productivity of agricultural land. Meanwhile, the allocation of subsidized fertilizers and the number of farmers were not proven to be statistically significant in increasing the productivity of agricultural land. This is due to the inefficiency of using subsidized fertilizers and the large number of farmers compared to the area of ??agricultural land. |
S-Muh. Amru Hidayat.pdf :: Unduh