Upaya penurunan stunting di Indonesia salah satunya menetapkan wilayah prioritas lokus. Angka stunting di Indonesia ditargetkan turun dari 21,6% (2022) menjadi 14% (2024). Pada desa lokus dilakukan intervensi sensitif dan spesifik secara lebih intensif. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui determinan stunting pada balita di 15 desa lokus dan 15 desa non lokus di Kabupaten Garut, Indonesia. Desain studi cross-sectional dari data sekunder dari Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Garut dengan jumlah sampel 2.359 balita usia 0-59 bulan. Analisis determinan stunting pada penelitian ini dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat dengan uji Cox Regression. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi stunting pada balita di desa lokus dan non lokus Kabupaten Garut sebesar 30,56% dengan perbandingan proporsi stunting lebih tinggi pada desa non lokus dibandingkan dengan desa lokus. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan determinan stunting secara keseluruhan adalah infeksi anak, riwayat gangguan kehamilan, dan PMT anak sedangkan di desa lokus adalah infeksi anak, dan PMT anak adapun di desa non lokus adalah infeksi anak, riwayat gangguan kehamilan, dan PMT anak. Faktor kontekstual yang berhubungan dengan stunting keseluruhan adalah jenis desa dan merokok sedangkan di desa lokus maupun non lokus adalah merokok. Faktor yang paling memengaruhi stunting di desa lokus maupun non lokus intervensi penurunan dan pencegahan stunting Kabupaten Garut tahun 2022 adalah infeksi anak (PR 1,76; 95% CI 1,49-2,08). Hasil penelitian menyarankan pihak Pemerintah Daerah, Dinas Kesehatan, dan masyarakat dapat mencegah stunting melalui pencegahan infeksi dengan pola hidup bersih, bekerja sama dalam program desa lokus, dan melakukan kampanye anti rokok dalam rangka pencegahan dan penurunan angka stunting.
One of the efforts to reduce stunting in Indonesia is to determine locus priority areas. The stunting rate in Indonesia is targeted to decrease from 21.6% (2022) to 14% (2024). In locus villages, sensitive and specific interventions are carried out more intensively. The purpose of this study was to determine the determinants of stunting in toddlers in 15 locus villages and 15 non-locus villages in Garut District, Indonesia. The study design was cross-sectional using secondary data from the Garut District Health Office with a total sample of 2,359 toddlers aged 0-59 months. Analysis of the determinants of stunting in this study was carried out univariately, bivariately and multivariately using the Cox Regression test. The results showed that the prevalence of stunting in toddlers in locus and non-locus villages in Garut District was 30.56% with a higher proportion of stunting in non-locus villages compared to locus villages. The results of multivariate analysis showed that the overall determinants of stunting were child infection, history of pregnancy disorders, and child PMT, while in the locus village it was child infection, and child PMT while in non-locus village it was child infection, history of pregnancy disorders, and child PMT. Contextual factors related to overall stunting are the type of village and smoking, while in both locus and non-locus villages is smoking. The factor that most influences stunting in locus and non-locus intervention villages to reduce and prevent stunting in Garut District in 2022 is child infection (PR 1.76; 95% CI 1.49-2.08). The results of the study suggest that the Regional Government, the Health Service, and the community can prevent stunting by preventing infection with a clean lifestyle, working together in locus village programs, and conducting anti-smoking campaigns in the context of preventing and reducing stunting rates. |
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