Pemantauan terapi obat (PTO) merupakan kegiatan yang dilakukan untuk memastikan terapi obat aman, efektif, dan rasional bagi pasien. Pemantauan terapi obat dilakukan dengan menganalisis pilihan obat, dosis, cara pemberian obat, respon terapi, reaksi obat yang tidak diinginkan (ROTD), serta rekomendasi perubahan maupun alternatif terapi. Pemantauan terapi obat telah termasuk sebagai salah satu pelayanan farmasi klinis pada standar pelayanan kefarmasian di rumah sakit, puskesmas, dan apotek yang diatur oleh kementerian kesehatan RI. Sepsis merupakan respons sistemik pejamu terhadap infeksi, saat patogen atau toksin dilepaskan ke dalam sirkulasi darah sehingga terjadi aktivasi proses inflamasi. Sepsis merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan dengan tingkat kejadian kasus serta kematian yang cukup tinggi dan terus meningkat di seluruh dunia. Meskipun telah terdapat berbagai panduan terkait terapi sepsis yang dibuat oleh para ahli untuk menurunkan angka kematian akibat sepsis, minimnya pengetahuan SDM, ketersediaan pemeriksaan penunjang dan modalitas terapi menjadi alasan sulitnya pengimplementasian panduan terapi sepsis secara menyeluruh di Indonesia. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengambilan data menggunakan metode retrospektif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan mengambil data dari rekam medis pasien yang kemudian dianalisis untuk mengetahui apakah terdapat masalah terkait obat atau DRP (Drug Related Problem). Data yang diambil berupa data identitas pasien, kajian status klinik, hasil pemeriksaan penunjang, dan profil penggunaan obat. Daari data yang dikumpulkan, dilakukan beberapa analisis, yakni interpretasi hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium, analisis penggunaan antibiotik, analisis ketepatan terapi, dan analisis masalah terkait obat/DRP. Berdasarkan hasil pemantauan terapi obat, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengobatan yang diberikan mayoritas sudah sesuai dan tidak ada masalah. Namun, terdapat beberapa masalah terapi yang kemudian dianalisis DRP nya dengan metode SOAP pada pasien. Solusi yang diberikan yaitu perlunya dilakukan pengecekan terhadap masalah terapi obat yang muncul terutama potensi interaksi obat bagi pasien yang mendapatkan obat polifarmasi, serta selalu melakukan pemantauan terhadap tanda-tanda vital pasien maupun pemeriksaan lab apabila ada kemungkinan muncul efek samping obat.
Drug therapy monitoring is an activity carried out to ensure the drug therapy is safe, effective and rational for patients. Drug therapy monitoring is carried out by analyzing drug choices, dosages, methods of drug administration, therapeutic response, adverse drug reactions (ADR), as well as recommendations for changes or alternative therapies. Drug therapy monitoring has been included as one of the clinical pharmacy services at pharmaceutical service standards in hospitals, health centers, and pharmacies regulated by the Indonesian Ministry of Health. Sepsis is a systemic response of the host to infection, when pathogens or toxins are released into the blood circulation resulting in the activation of the inflammatory process. Sepsis is a health problem with a high incidence of cases and deaths and continues to increase throughout the world. Although there have been various guidelines related to sepsis therapy made by experts to reduce mortality, the lack of knowledge of human resources, the availability of supporting examinations, and therapeutic modalities are the reasons for the difficulty in implementing comprehensive sepsis therapy guidelines in Indonesia. This research was carried out by collecting data using a retrospective method. Data collection was carried out by taking data from the patient's medical record which was then analyzed to find out whether there were drug-related problems or DRP. The data taken including the patient identity data, clinical status studies, results of supporting examinations, and drug use profiles. From the data collected, several analyzes were carried out, namely interpretation of laboratory examination results, analysis of antibiotic use, analysis of appropriateness of therapy, and analysis of drug-related problems/DRP. Based on the results of drug therapy monitoring, it can be concluded that the majority of the treatment given is appropriate and there are no problems. However, there were several potential therapeutic problems which were then analyzed by DRP using the SOAP method in patients. The solution given is the need to check drug therapy problems that arise, especially the potential for drug interactions for patients receiving polypharmacy drugs, and always monitor the patient's vital signs and lab tests if there is a possibility of drug side effects. |
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