Berdasarkan Riset Kesehatan Dasar Tahun 2013 dan 2018, menunjukkan adanya peningkatan prevalensi gizi lebih dan obesitas di provinsi Riau yaitu dari 3,1% menjadi 11,6%. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian gizi lebih/obesitas pada remaja siswa SMA Negeri di Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2023. Jenis penelitian adalah analitik kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Mei-Juni 2023. Sampel adalah siswa SMAN kelas X dan XI di tiga SMAN di Kota Pekanbaru, yaitu SMAN 4, SMAN 6, dan SMAN 12. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara purposive sampling. Variabel independen adalah jenis kelamin, pengetahuan remaja, pendidikan orang tua, pekerjaan orang tua, uang saku, status kegemukan orang tua, aktivitas fisik, kualitas tidur, konsumsi makanan cepat saji dan konsumsi makanan manis. Variabel dependen adalah gizi lebih/obesitas. Analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang dominan berhubungan dengan gizi/obesitas adalah status kegemukan orang tua (OR=3,12; 95% CI: 1,25-7,83). Remaja dengan orang tua gemuk/obesitas lebih berisiko 3 kali mengalami gizi lebih/obesitas dibandingkan dengan remaja yang tidak memiliki orang tua gemuk/obesitas. Variabel lain yang berhubungan adalah pengetahuan siswa (OR=2,62; 95% CI: 1,27-5,39) dan kebiasaan makanan manis (OR=2,34; 95% CI:1,04-5,27).
Based on the 2013 and 2018 Basic Health Research, there was an increase in theprevalence of overnutrition and obesity in Riau province from 3.1% to 11.6%. Thisstudy aimed to analyse the factors associated with the incidence of overeight/obesity in adolescent students of public high schools in Pekanbaru City in 2023. The type of research is quantitative analytic with a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted in May-June 2023. Samples were class X and XI students in three high schools in Pekanbaru City, namely SMAN 4, SMAN 6, and SMAN 12. Sampling was done by purposive sampling. Independent variables were gender, adolescent knowledge, parental education, parental occupation, pocket money, parental obesity status, physical activity, sleep quality, fast food consumption and sweet food consumption. The dependent variable was overweight/obesity. Data were analysed univariately, bivariate and multivariate. The results showed that the dominant variable associated with overweight/obesity was parental obesity status (OR=3.12; 95% CI: 1.25-7.83). Adolescents with obese parents were three times more likely to experience overweight/obesity compared to adolescents who did not have obese parents. Other associated variables were student knowledge (OR=2.62; 95% CI: 1.27-5.39) and sweet food habits (OR=2.34; 95% CI: 1.04-5.27). For this reason, schools are expected to work with the Health Office and Community Health Center to organise counselling or seminars on nutrition and obesity in adolescents; schools can provide healthy canteens by limiting the availability of fast food and sugary drinks |
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