Latar Belakang Anak memiliki lima ranah keterampilan yang perlu dilalui dalam tahap perkembangannya. Dalam pemantauan perkembangan keterampilan anak, perkembangan motorik kasar merupakan ranah keterampilan anak yang dapat diamati secara langsung. Deteksi keterlambatan keterampilan motorik perlu dilakukan agar tata laksana terhadap keterlambatan keterampilan motorik dapat diberikan dengan tepat dan segera. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai peran pemeriksaan neurologis tonus otot dalam mendeteksi keterlambatan motorik kasar bayi usia 6-18 bulan. Metode Desain penelitian ini menggunakan uji diagnostik observasional dengan metode cross-sectional. Sumber data peneitian ini merupakan data primer, yaitu pemeriksaan neurologis tonus otot dan penilaian keterampilan motorik kasar secara langsung di Poliklinik Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak, RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo Kiara, Jakarta Pusat pada bulan September–Oktober 2023. Data yang telah diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan tabel 2x2 serta uji bivariat dan multivariat. Hasil Dari 81 subjek, didapatkan sensitivitas terbaik secara berturut-turut adalah lateral propping, traction response, vertical suspension, spasticity, horizontal suspension, scarf sign, resting posture dan popliteal angle, serta hand fisting, dengan sensitivitas secara berturut-turut sebesar 84,31%; 76,47%; 72,55%; 56,86%; 54,90%; 50,98%; 49,02%; 49,02%; dan 39,22%. Adapun spesifisitas terbaik secara berturut-turut adalah resting posture, hand fisting, spasticity, horizontal suspension, dan popliteal angle, vertical suspension, traction response, dan scarf sign, serta lateral propping, dengan spesifisitas secara berturut-turut sebesar 96,67%; 96,67%; 96,67%; 96,67%; 96,67%; 93,33%; 93,33%; 93,33%; dan 90%. Kesimpulan Pemeriksaan lateral propping dan traction response merupakan pemeriksaan neurologis tonus otot yang memiliki hubungan paling signifikan secara statistik dengan perkembangan motorik kasar.
Introduction Children have five domains of skills that need to be passed in their developmental stages. In monitoring children's skill development, gross motor development is a skill domain that can be observed directly. Detection of motor skill delay needs to be done so that management of motor skill delay can be provided appropriately and immediately. This study discusses the role of neurological examination of muscle tone in detecting gross motor delays in infants aged 6-18 months. Method This research design uses an observational diagnostic test with a cross-sectional method. The source of data for this study is primary data, namely neurological examination of muscle tone and direct gross motor skills assessment at the Polyclinic of the Department of Pediatrics, Cipto Mangunkusumo Kiara National Hospital, Central Jakarta in September–October 2023. The data obtained were then analyzed with 2x2 tables and bivariate and multivariate tests. Results Of the 81 subjects, the best sensitivities were lateral propping, traction response, vertical suspension, spasticity, horizontal suspension, scarf sign, resting posture and popliteal angle, and hand fisting, with sensitivities of 84.31%; 76.47%; 72.55%; 56.86%; 54.90%; 50.98%; 49.02%; 49.02%; and 39.22%, respectively. The best specificities were resting posture, hand fisting, spasticity, horizontal suspension, and popliteal angle, vertical suspension, traction response, and scarf sign, and lateral propping, with specificities of 96.67%; 96.67%; 96.67%; 96.67%; 96.67%; 96.67%; 93.33%; 93.33%; 93.33%; and 90%, respectively. Conclusion The lateral propping and traction response examination is a neurological examination of muscle tone that has the most statistically significant relationship with gross motor development. |
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